Training across Borders in Mozambique Research Paper - 1

Training across Borders in Mozambique - Research Paper ExampleThe Erasmus concentrates on the teaching and acquirement requirementss of all those in formal higher grooming including student placements across nations in projects providing and facilitating such education and training then there is the Leonardo Da Vinci program. The Leonardo Da Vinci program addresses the teaching and development needs of all those in vocational educational training considerably, the programs core objectives atomic number 18 to support those in training to acquire and implement knowledge, skills and qualifications to facilitate personal growth, employability and participation in the European labor market, improve quality and innovation, and lastly, enhance the attractiveness of vocational education, training and mobility (FMER 2013). The program in addition pursues operation aims that seek to develop and strengthen mobility in education and that of a series of training sessions, attention span, modern practices and their transfer between countries, language learning, innovative ICT based content and cooperation between different factors. Significantly, the program also supports actions like partnerships focusing on themes of mutual interest and multilateral projects aimed at enhancing the training systems through resettlement and development of good practice in order to adapt to national needs (Move on straighten out 2013). Moreover, the Leonardo Da Vinci is also up to per with thematic networks of experts and organizations working on particular aspects that are in relational to the vocational education and training, and the dissimilar accompanying measures related to the same. The fourth program of the Lifelong skill program is the Grundtvig program that is geared to all players in adult education where all its topics are turn to in learning partnerships as the multilateral projects develop innovations for adult education.

Organizational Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organizational Theory - Research Paper Exampleemployees to put forward the society with a valuable offering (Daft, 2013). The brass instrument theory has no single definition as it is described as a way of thinking regarding the entity and how individuals and resources are gathered and arranged collectively to affect the barter purpose (Smith, 2010). Likewise, the organizational design encompasses two vital aspects of the enterprise i.e. morphologic features and contingency factors.The structural facet is comprised of the internal elements such as organization size, hierarchy, infrastructure, IT, employees, suppliers and many more. While, the contingency factors are those aspects which influence the organizations structural dimension like competitors, government, environment, technological developments, globalization, culture and etc. (Serra, Almeida & Ferreira, 2012). Hence, it is imperative for a order to monitor its design so that it can avoid entering the decline pegleg.Si nce organization exists in the business environment which is evolving at a fast pace, there are various external factors which can jar its business operations. For instance, a manufacturing concern which has been the leader in the industry for decades can enter into decline floor if it does not upgrade its machinery or fails to respond to the changing market needs. Similar to any product, the management team up has to remain alert about the indicators which can show signs of an arising issue in the near future (Serra, Almeida & Ferreira, 2012). in that respect are four crucial phases through which every organization passes i.e. birth/introduction, growth, maturity and decline. When a self-colored is at the maturity stage, it has to start developing plans for maintaining or revamping its image so that it can gain nervous impulse again and retrieve back its enhanced performance level (Daft, 2013).The two foremost signs of maturity stage are

Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now - turn out ExampleBoth the works tend to depict the way civilization finds itself alienated in the wilderness.In broad terms, the main similarity amid the works is go throughn in the way the so-called civilized state have got an uncivilized primitive in them that comes out when they reach the wilderness even for a picayune period of time. For example, in the Heart of Darkness, Marlow first sees the shores of Africa with a sense of fear and dislike. As Marlow travels into the jungle, he develops the skin perceptiveness that he was getting savage. Thus, as Kesselring states, bingle gets the idea that the man still possesses the primordial urge to be the same barbaric humans of the jungle for example, Marlow describes a Kurtz who is free from any restraints, and who unleashes his primordial urge to start and to enjoy total freedom. There Marlow sees a large number of heads displayed on posts that shows the kind of primitive sustenance Kurtz lived (24-25).Here, it is worth trying to identify the reason behind the madness of both the Kurtz, and there comes the startling fruition that it is the result of their inability to come into terms with the native culture and lifestyle. For example, in the movie, one can see a Kurtz telling Willard about the Special Forces going into the village inoculating the children for polio, followed by the visit of communists who get down childrens inoculated hands off. This basic and barbaric wilderness makes Kurtz insane, and soon, he becomes a savage himself.In total, one can say that in both the cases, there is the tendency to show that the European-African and American-Vietnam conflicts symbolize the conflict between the civilized and the savage. In both the cases, there is the realization that civilization is the result of the complex web of rules, regulations and codes of mastermind that the modern societies have developed. In addition is the acceptance that there is a savage in e ither civilized human being. Thirdly, in

Thomas Jefferson and the New American Nation Essay

Thomas Jefferson and the New Ameri buttocks Nation - Essay eventUsage of terms such as necessary creates an impression of the strong need for the Americans to take the proposed action, which is hale connected to their human nature. The line, One people can be translated to send a strong gist that the Americans and the British were different people brought together politically and breaking the political bands which was a necessity for the survival of the fittest of the Americans. This choice of words was intended to capture the attention of Americas friends (Dolbeare & Cummings 49-52).However, there is wholeness line in the Declaration that gathers much controversy and debate. The usage of the line, We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among them are Life, Liberty and the pursual of Happiness poses an intention that could have well been deeply thought to bring a div erse adaptation by the Americans, the British and possible allies who could assist the Americans in their quest for independence. This line consists of a sort out of principles pertaining to human rights that are naturally and rhetorically read and interpreted together. The principles brought out include of equity inalienability of the rights examples of the rights and an deduction of the necessity that the government should secure these rights and the right of the people to abolish abusive governments (Declaration of Independence).It can be said that Jeffersons Declaration of Independence wills not only the freedom but the brass section of an equal footing within the American soil once the colonial powers are put to rest. However, the skillful and uplifting message of such line that all men are created equal is, in one way, problematic up to this day.

Volunteering in community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Volunteering in community - assay ExampleI could meet the challenges of this volunteer activitiy and learn a great deal about myself, my name in the medical exam field, patient care, and how Hamad commonplace has evolved to compel the leading medical institution in Qatar. Stepping into the halls of Hamad General on that first day gripped me with a sense of awe and wonder at the state of the artistry facility. At par, if not far advanced, of its western counterparts, I knew that the challenging world I had chosen to become a part of was not just going to challenge me as a person, but attend to me to become a better version of myself. I knew that this was the place I had to be. I was in the rightfield place, at the right time.Hamad General Hospital is one of the health care facilities that resulted from the Emiri decree issued in 1979. The 603 crinkle facility has certainly come a long way from its humble beginnings are a common hospital. These days, the facility has evolved into offering both general and complex medical assistance covering the areas of combat injury, emergency medicine, pediatrics, comminuted care, specialized surgery, specialized medicine, laboratory medicine, and radiology services. The hospital is certainly expanding its services and access to the most newfangled health diagnostic tools in response to the ever growing world of the city. Most notable of its objectives at the moment is the development of a Diabetes Center in order to address the large diabetic population of Qatar.I spent my time as a volunteer at the hospital acclimatizing and familiarizing myself with the various trauma departments and patients. I have a certain specific interest in this field of medical science and my exposure to that area of the hospital was quite beneficial towards increasing my knowledge in trauma care. It was in this department where I learned that being a volunteer is not as saucer-eyed as it sounds.With the main purpose of the trauma dep artment being to help patients become productive members of party again, I found that

Analytical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analytical - Essay archetypeThe prosperity of a country, according to Han Fei, can be safeguarded besides when the lawmakers and the law-keepers are strong and efficient. A business leader is not defined by his personalized failings but by his ability to ensure the maintenance and applications of popular laws. Along with a strong upper hand in dealing with public laws, he essential also be ruthless in suppressing internal conspiracies and disputes, for a kingdom that is weak from within give always be an easy and constant target of the enemy clans. Intended Audience Having reviewed Han Feis governmental musings, drawn from Han Feizi, I think it is important to ascertain the intended audience at whom this p contrivanceicular tract was aimed. I believe, given the authors own politically charged background as hearty as exalted lineage, it can be safely said that much of his political strategies were drawn from personal experience and was intended to address the ruling class in particular. Reflections of the Author on Politics and Penalties With gigantic humanist emphasis on equality, he puts forward his thoughts on royal duties and legalities of the time. Han Fei, himself of royal descent, plainly spurns the incommensurate treatment often carried out by law keepers. He insists that there should be no unjust preferences given to the nobility. The common and the noble subject should all be treated as equal in the eyes of law. No one should try to gain favors by bribery or flattery. The guilty must be punished, and no offender should be allowed lenience, notwithstanding the exalted rank of the criminal or the low status of the victim. Lewdness and sexual excess must be suppressed as should internal discord and discontent. And according to Han Fei, the only way this can be achieved is by inculcating a deep fear of retribution within his subjects. The transcendency of a ruler can be ascertained by the way he handles and controls his ministers and adviso rs. They may be negotiated only through two operative actions of the king deserved adulation and acclaim upon great consummation or service and severe punishment, torture and death upon defection or conspiracy. In conclusion, I believe, Han Feis legal philosophies seeks the better conditions of the masses even while advocating the most ruthless measures in ensuring the precedence of the milkweed butterfly ruler. Analysis of Be a Scribe Purpose of the Author Han Fei was a follower of the Great historian Laozi, who countered the Confucian practice of the art of persuasive speech by placing vital emphasis on the art of writing instead. The post-Confucian legacy of Laozis creative and artistic philosophy reaches its fruitful zenith in the hands of Han Fei. It is told that Han Fei himself suffered from a speech impediment - an embarrassing stammer - that did not bode well for a career of literal mastery. Therefore, he was inclined, both by nature and by habit, to improve upon his call igraphy and immense gift of the pen word and in his text, he intends his audience to do the same. In his instructive work, Be a Scribe, he begins with a direct address to the reader. He exhorts us to pursue the noble art of scripting, to eschew dance and replace the sports and hunting with the finer activity of writing. The master then goes on to unfavorably compare the following of the scroll and the palette

Quality improvement Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Quality improvement - Term Paper ExampleBased on a similar notion, various studies have been undertaken, which focused on one or the other dimension of the health care sector. Contextually, as these studies emphasize revealing certain facts regarding the quality improvement aspects of healthcare practices, its reliability tends to be of huge significance. Based on a similar perspective, this paper intends to review two different phrases focusing on the healthcare treatments for cardiac patients and the common errors or needs for quality improvement associated with the sector. The first article is title A Nurse-Led Heart Failure Clinics Improve Survival and Self-Care Behavior in Patients With Heart Failure and the south article is titled Reducing Delay in Seeking Treatment by Patients With Acute coronary thrombosis Syndrome and Stroke. When reviewing the selected articles, due significance was provided towards the methodology used in the studies to evaluate the findings obtained through the research. What Were the Targeted Population and the Disease differentiate? Stromberg et al. (2003) targeted a population of 106 patients who were either directed to a follow-up in the usual care prick or to the nurse-led heart calamity clinic section for come on treatment. The cardiac diseases diagnosed among the patients included in the study in terms of sample population were identified by the nurses in the initial stage followed by the deliverance of proper healthcare facilities along with adequate education regarding the self-care and other probable strategies to prevent such heart-failure in the future. It is worth mentioning in this context that the nurse-led heart failure clinic was staffed by specially educated people and undergo nurses who were given the responsibility to make necessary changes, especially in the protocol followed during medications, which was further identified to maneuver a vital role in reducing heart-failure among the patients and th us resulting in quality improvements of the clinic (Stromberg et al., 2003). Similarly, Moser et al. (2006) were focused on the patients with acute coronary syndrome and stroke syndromes as the targeted population. The article by the above authors summarizes the advantages of early treatment to such patients and also explains the number of problems a patient has to face when there is a delay in the treatment. The article also depicts the approach of the current system in reducing this delay in treatment (Moser et al., 2006). wherefore Was This Important to Study? The study conducted by Stromberg et al. (2003) aimed at explaining the effects of nurse-led heart failure clinic follow-ups in preventing the particular of coronary diseases generating a self-care attitude among the patients. The importance of this particular study can be thus confirm on the basis that the survival rate of a patient with a record of heart failure as compared to other severe diseases has been relatively l ow, which is often argued to be effectively curable with a greater degree of self-caring attitude and better awareness regarding the diseases (Sutherland, 2010). Emphasizing the positives of nurse-led clinics, this study thus aimed at critically evaluating the performances of the hospitals which would further render noteworthy inputs in enhancing the

Strategic Planning Report to Mr. Komori Term Paper

Strategic Planning Report to Mr. Komori - Term Paper moralCurrently, the profits are falling and copy approach that is engraved deep into the veins of the company is non doing fairishness to its potential. indeed, Fujifilm needs to follow a policy that gives chance to employees to bring out their create efforts and innovate in order to make sure that the company does not resort on money and does not lose on profitability. In simple terms, the company needs to kill the elephant and bring out a lion. It should be much creative, more aggressive and fiercer in dealing with opportunities, competitors and its guests. It cannot afford to be passive anymore collectable to the fast-changing nature of the world, and cannot use the same strategies to catch its objective anymore instead a new more innovative approach is need every time the company goes out to catch its prey. The word prey in this context is Fujifilms market share and profitability. It is one thing that every company, an d not just Fujifilm, would love to catch every time its goes out in wild to hunt. The competition will to a fault be harsh since they are fighting the same battle, but Fujifilm needs to be harsher if it wants to succeed in the current market place and environment. There is an old saying You have to be cruel to be successful and Fujifilm needs to adopt this philosophy to be successful. However, it does not need to be cruel to its bear people, but instead it need to tackle its competition by existence fiercer and more aggressive. (Robbins, 2004) Mr. Komori recently travel to a more centralized approach. The restructuring plans showed that Research and development department was put chthonic the control of the calling card of Directors. In other words, the Research and Development department was accountable to the board rather than the departments for which it would be running(a) for. This approach may lead to cost-containment, but it may kill the purpose of carrying out proper l ook and development. Hence, the decentralized research and development department is the need of the company if it wants to become more innovative. The board should not interfere with the operational issues in the company it should only give vision, mission and sense of direction to the company. Hence it is suggested that Research and Development should be dropped from Board of Directors agenda and should be placed under the control of departments and division head. However, these department heads should be accountable to the board if it is deemed that the Research and Development is not being used properly or cost is rising rapidly. Since the film and camera business is declining and professional photography is much less in demand, Fujifilm cannot afford to cling onto its historical film and camera business. It needs to turn to maintain the historical profit margins and rates. If the company keeps following the elephant approach or passive approach indeed it can die. Hence, the n ew vision and mission report should show that the company is aware of the needs of its shareholders and client and will do everything to make sure that their needs are fulfilled. (Daft, 1994) A good mission statement usually consists of three parts. It discusses the purpose of the firm, its values and also talks about the business that the firm is in. In the case of Fujifilm, the purpose of the company has changed since the decline of its Film and Camera business. The new war that the company

Nuclear Power Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nuclear Power futurity - Essay ExampleAs nuclear fuel is free from carbon emissions, there are little(prenominal) ethical issues associated with the nuclear power. Farming outside the nuclear power plant produces the normal yield. There is no impact of nuclear power plant on the surroundings. The unit of the nuclear power is much less as compared to the oil or gas based power (Harrison & Hester, 2011, p44-58). The cost of the fuel required to force the nuclear power plant is much lesser as compared to the coal, oil or gas. Other change energy resources are less capable of providing the base load. The plans of the Hitachi Company to develop the nuclear power in Britain are quite clear to support the sustainable development in the region. The lessons from the Japan are hearty learned by the company and the company ensure that no further accidents will happen in Britain. The company ensures that the Britain will lead the renewable capacity by 2018.A large investment should be welco med to develop nuclear power. In most of the developed and under developed countries, the power crises are uprising due to the massive industrialization in the past few decades. It is nearly impossible to predict the early of power generation regarding the coal, oil or gas, as the fossil fuel resources are shortening day by day and the demand for power is increasing day by day. To maintain the economic and societal stability, there is need to develop the power generation systems that are capable of generating more power to equalize the current as well as future power demands (Nuclear energy Agency, 1993). Britain is considered to be emitting major sum of money of fumes while generating electrical energy in the region. After the installation of the Nuclear power, the emissions regarding the power generation will reduce significantly and thus the motto of environmental protection will be fulfilled.As the project is supposed to create 6000 jobs while constructing the each plant an d 1000 permanent jobs for the operations of

Evaluate the claim that German big business was willingly and Essay

Evaluate the claim that German big business was volitionally and profitably cooperated with the Nazi regime in the exploitation of Europe, 1939-45 - Esenunciate ExampleOne of the stronger reactions is given to those companies which ar discovered or confess to having links with the Nazi regime and from an examination of historical records as salutary as various other documents it seems clear that many companies willingly cooperated with the Nazis towards the exploitation of Europe. However, it can be shown that the companies had pocket-size interest in ideology or the motives of the Nazis rather, they were interested in making money since that was their main objective.The sparing background of the era is important in this respect because when the Nazis came into power, the economic situation of Germany was disastrous. High unemployment rates meant that the deliverance was under productive and under pressure. During this time, the economic reorganization of the state was made the responsibility of a value banker, Hjalmar Schacht. Under his guidance, several changes were made to the economic policy and some of the first economic changes were the elimination of allot unions and establishment of the wage controls in German society (Wikipedia, 2006).These measures certainly helped the business community since trade unions had been satisfactory to strike as well as negotiate salaries on a collective basis. Needless to say businesses approved of these ideas and worked hand in hand with the Nazis to improve the economy as Hitler saw fit. The money tot up to the economy was expand with the aid of deficit spending with interest rates held firmly at 4.5%. cause companies were setup such as the MEFO company which issued bonds but these were actually utilized to hide expenditure on arms which was a violation of the Versailles Treaty (Wikipedia, 2006).The creation of a black market was stopped apparently because the Germans could send violators to concentration ca mps or shot after a summary trial. Imports were limited while exports were expanded leading to an overvalued mark. Despite all of these measures,

Social Work Approaches Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social Work Approaches - Essay ExampleSignificantly, this type of therapy concentrates on how the single thinks and behaves at present rather than in the patients early childhood experiences that could have brought nearly the typical behaviour. The approach entails weekly therapy sessions that is coupled with daily practice exercises designed to help patients apply the cognitive behavioural therapy skills which they have learned into their own personal settings or environment. Treatment is short and does not finale longer than 16 weeks or 4 months (University of Michigan depression Centre, 2006).Cognitive behavioural therapy employs three (3) crucial features, which are (University of Michigan Depression Centre, 2006) 1) Cognitive restructuring, 2) behavioural activation, and 3) enhancing problem solving skills. Cognitive restructuring focuses on the acknowledgment of the maladaptive or erroneous thoughts that makes the patient feel depressed. Usually, the depression is to the highest degree themselves, their environment and their future. Maladaptive thoughts about themselves include feelings of being worthless or stupid because they cannot get jobs or because they commit mistakes which in veracity are considered petty or small problems. In connection with this, they tend to lose interest and slim back on their customary activities, which an ordinaryand normal individual get pleasure from as subdivision of his or her daily existence. Thus, the person concern spends more idle time to focus on depraved thoughts that would eventually pave way for negative emotions.In relation to the foregoing, home settings and the environment in worldwide makes a person feel depressed because he or she perceives being a social outcast. This is why social interactions with the family and with the community become deficient and limited. This makes the person withdrawn and resentful due to the wrong whim that nobody likes him or her. As a consequence, typical home life is disrupted because the

Discuss the major barriers to entry of new firms into an industry and Essay

Discuss the major barriers to entry of new slosheds into an industry and how these barriers can either give organise to or maintain a monopoly company - Essay ExampleSuch cockeyeds face little or, in some cases, no competition at all.Each firm in perfect competition is a footing taker. This means that changes in output by one firm do not careen the industry supply curve sufficiently to alter the price. If the whole industry makes more or little output, the supply will shift and the price will change but not if one firm increases or decreases output, this means each firm can sell all it wants at the given grocery store price. This also indicates that marginal revenue equals price. Since each unit is sold for the same price in much(prenominal) a market structure, marginal revenue also tends to stay constant thitherfore giving us a straight horizontal line.However, a monopolizer faces a downward sloping demand and is equal to set either the price or the output, but not both. A profit maximizing monopolist would choose the output where marginal cost equals marginal revenue. This output will be somewhere everywhere the price range where demand is pricing elastic and will be sold at the price consumers will pay. In most instances, the total revenue for such firms are higher than the cost wherefore enabling monopolies to earn abnormal profits in the short run as well as the long run. In order for a firm to maintain its monopoly power and abnormal profits there must be barriers to the entry of new firms. parapets to entry are specifically designed to prevent potence firms from entering into a market. They provide firms a degree of market power without losing their existing market share. Barrier to entry anything that allows incumbent firms to earn supernormal profits without threat of entry (Boyes and Melvin, 220-222). The barriers that can be employ to create or maintain a monopoly includeThe high fixed cost or apparatus cost can be the toughest obstacle to tackle. The barrier here is access to capital. Only large firm will be able to fund the necessary investment. An established monopoly is likely to have developed change

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

congratulate and Prejudice by Jane Austen - Essay Example(Pride and Prejudice. 123HelpMe.com. 27 Feb 2009).Jane Austin reliable her formal education from her father. Her novels were initially published secretly. She never got a run into to live in south of England and had no connections with the literary community of London. Even though her work received optimistic reviews, she was not a famous novelist during her lifetime. The essay is an attempt to bring out the eccentrics of the novel and to hit the books them in the light of humour and satire which make up the novel.The opening lines in the novel, It is a verity universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. Pride and Prejudice, ch.1 (1813), is a statement which is true to this day. This statement brings out the perception of Austen as an author. She has asserted that the subject of the novel will be courtship and marriage and she has based the uproarious tone of th e novel with a simple subject to work out and to speak sharply of. She has accommodate up the reader to guess whether it is a husband in search of a wife, or a woman in pursuit of a husband. Austens authority of delicate prejudice and shrewd wisdom is opened in Pride and Prejudice she is able to express such a multifaceted message employ a simple, but witty style. (http//www.online-literature.com/austen/prideprejudice/) The theme of the story is fundamentally an assessment of the obstructions which an eligible female encounters when she is on the look out for a prospective husband. Jane Austen reveals her mind through the immortal character of Elizabeth Bennet, who is the central character of the novel. Therefore with a reference to the term personality, there is a belief that Austen more or less(prenominal) resembles Elizabeth Bennet. This novel ends on a happy note. The novel emphasizes the point that pride and prejudice can be overcome. Hence, nothing in Austins novel is point less or distracting from the main theme--pride and prejudice. (Pride and Prejudice. 123HelpMe.com. 27 Feb 2009).Character digestElizabeth Bennet, the second daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Bennet is the most striking character especially with her freely displayed wit and self-sufficient thinking and she is never attractive to readers but when she asserts herself against the arrogant Lady Catherine she raises a question of identity in the minds of the readers. She does everything with a pinch of thoughtfulness and simplicity especially when she refuses to reveal her age when it is demanded or even when she argues that junior sisters need not wait until their older sisters are married. (http//www.sparknotes.com/lit/pride/canalysis.html)Elizabeth is always in negate with the noble Mr. Darcy, and both incorrectly perceive each other because of their pride and its ensuing prejudice. The novel is in fact is about the challenges of the heart and at the same it pertains to the ways in which on e can be educated. Darcy at first cannot visualize that there is anyone who deserves his attention in the constricted, simple world in which he detects himself. On the other hand Elizabeth is able to look only at his vanity and arrogance and is offended by his superior airs. Elizabeth and Darcy fight through their wits and of the society, till such time when Darcys marriage proposition surprises Elizabeth. She rejects Darcys offer and this

Globalization and Neoliberalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Globalization and Neoliberalism - Essay ExampleNeoliberalism refers to a number of factors that befool occurred in todays modern society such as deregulation, free trade, grant markets and frugal liberalism that call for led to a more active role of the private sector in economic and business concern matters.2 Globalization refers to the process whereby societies of the world integrate with one a nonher through a number of conf expenditured processes such as communication and interaction leading to the exchange of ideas, cultures and views as a result. 3From the definition of two terms, it is clear to see that globalization and neoliberalism have similar aspects that relate to one another and thereof it base be utter that one would not exist without the other. However, to prove this fact one can use aspects of one to determine if they have a sexual intercourse. In this case a few aspects of neoliberalism, namely give way markets, free trade and economic liberalism will b e used to determine whether these issues have a relation with globalization. Open Markets An devote market is an economic term referring to a type of market that is accessible by all economic players as they are not tied down by respective(a) factors such as monopolization or a set of requirements that have been put in plaza for those who would kindred to enter in the form of legalities such as policies by the establishment. This means that in an open market, anyone who is open and has the means to, is able to enter into the market without the worry of any sort of constraints interfering in their business. The open market is an aspect of neoliberalism which supports less involvement of outside factors in matters involving business and trade.4 However, it can be said that the open market is only made possible through the existence of globalization otherwise it would have no reason to exist. This is because the open market has been created in order to allow investors from across the borders to enter a market unencumbered and without the worry of interference as most of the regulations that would be put in place to bring about the demise of this type of market would be related to would-be external investors and not local business men who do not face a lot of opposition just maybe in the case of monopolization of an industry.5 If globalization did not exist, they would be no need for an open market but on the other hand it should also be considered that if the open market did not exist without the open market, it would make it harder for globalization to take place as investors would remain within the realms of their countries and thus there would be less global interaction taking place in the business sense. unload Trade Free trade has to do with the imports and exports of a country in reference to the interference of the politics in these activities. According to free trade, a government is not allowed to play a role in affecting the amount of goods tha t are imported or exported out of a country through their various methods such as placing tariffs or subsidies on the above mentioned and thus as a result allows the partners manifold in the trade to both benefit from the transaction without one having it easier than the other. 6There are a number of reasons that the government may want to interfere in such activities such as boosting their number of imports which would lead to an economic benefit for the country but in the view of

Computer Forensic Tools Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Computer Forensic Tools - Term Paper ExampleThe architectural plan get holds files in mingled operating ashess such as vista, windows 7, Xp and different server. Recuva enables the recuperation of files with sheer minimal footprint on the disk. The program can be downloaded freely from the internet and is easy to install and run. In addition, the software program is able to recover the files that have been emptied from the recycle bin. The program can overly be used to recover files in chit computers. Pandora on the other hand enables the recovery of files that are in NTFS and FAT-formatted volumes. It works by scanning the sound drive and creating an index both existing and deleted files and directory on the logical drive of the computer. The scanning will provides line up all the deleted files where you will choose ones to recover. Unlike the Racuva, Pandora provides a preview of the files in slipperiness you can to refer to it shortly. The software is also downloaded fre ely. However, a version with more robust function is obtained by subscribing $500. The software is exceedingly straightforward to use. Glary undelete is a hybrid file recovery software that enables recovery of files in NTFS, NTFS + EFS, FAT, compressed files, encrypted files, compressed, fragmented and files in removable devices. The program has a remarkably easy user. The software supports both dynamic and basic volumes. Like the other two, the software can be obtained free by downloading from the internet. The most prevalent tools used to extract rhetorical evidence from mobile phones are Flasher misfortune and PmExplorer. The devices are super effective and therefore used by the security agencies such as the police. accord to Heiser & Kruse (2011), the two devices are hugely expensive. In addition, one requires a personal computer such as a laptop to use the device. The latest model of Flasher Box speak to approximately $10000. This cost does not include the other supporting hardware and software. You also have to buy a forget me drug of cables that are used to connect to different mobile phones. A laptop that runs remarkable software for abbreviation the evidence is also needed. In total, price of a complete Flasher Box system is near 12000 dollars. PmExplorer is relatively cheaper. It comes with an ensuite of all required software and hardware. According to Solomon & Barrett (2012), the total price is approximately $8000. This explains why the system is more common compared to Flasher Box. The cost hiring a professional computer forensic well(p) is extremely high. A profound trial lawyer and Technologist computer forensic examiner based in UK charges between 500 to 1000 dollars per hour to examine a computer system that contains digital evidence. The expert charges the client according to the magnitude of the crime committed and the size of the company. To perform the operation for a braggart(a) business organization, the expert can charge over a thousand dollars. In addition, the expert also charges some extra $500 for his security. Research has shown that the expert has experience in the field. In fact, he has been conducting several(prenominal) government investigations (Vacca, 2005). The investigations were successful and he has helped the government deal with cyber criminal. Though there are other forensic experts, the quality of services they offer is low. I would recommend any organization which needs to hire a forensic expert with experience. In addition, they should be registered with HTCIA. There was a case in the court which multiform

Drug Abuse Essay Example for Free

Drug misuse EssayDrug abuse has an effect on every(prenominal) aspects of life overall health and wellness, family life, and the community. With in that location being so many different kinds of drugs the effects are endless. The effect of drug abuse does non discriminate or focus on any wizard soul. Drug abuse brook be found in any neighborhood of the world and the overall effects can be annihilating to anyone selectd. A persons choice to use any kind of illegal drug or abusing prescribed medicines can overhear a detrimental conflict on their overall health and wellness. This damaging effect on cops overall health and wellness can be both short and colossal term. An active screwball can face many health changes and challenges throughout the time that they choose to use. in that location can be many short term effects that depend on exactly what drug is being abused. There are drugs that can raise your heart rate, make you hallucinate, and even dehydrate you b adly. The impact of addiction can be far reaching. Cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, and lung disease can all be affected by drug abuse. Some of these effects occur when drugs are used at juicy doses or after prolonged use however, some may occur after just one use.An addict can face many mental health issues during their addiction that can have a devastating effect on their own life. Women substance abusers are more(prenominal) likely than men to have poor self-concepts (low self-esteem, guilt, self-blame) and high rates of mental health problems, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar affective disorder, unsafe ideation, psychosexual disorders, eating disorders, and Post traumatic stress disorder. Chronic use of some drugs of abuse can cause long-lasting changes in the brain, which may lead to paranoia, depression, aggression, and hallucinations.The addict has a giant effect on their family and home environment. There can be many issues that a family mu st face when an addict is a tolerate in the home. There can be many forms of abuse in a home where at that place is an addict. There can be sexual abuse, financial abuse, physical abuse and emotional abuse in any home. The addiction is not responsible for the furiousness but can intensify and make it more common. When an addict is deep in their addiction they will often put financial responsibilities of the home kill to get high instead. This can cause child neglect by no food being in home, noelectricity or heat. There can be consequences for the children living in a home with an active addict. These consequences may not show up for years until the child of the addict is grown. The wan home and family setup, the inter-parental and parent-child conflict, parental neglect in large families, defective disciplinary techniques ( in like manner lax or too strict) and family disorganization are considered as some of the causes of drug abuse.There is a higher risk of children of an ad dict growing up to become addicts themselves An addict has an effect on the community in which they live. This effect from an addict can cause problems for the entire community There is more possibility of crime and erratic demeanour in the community where an active addict is living. A defining characteristic of addictive behavior is that they involve in the pursuit of short-term gratification at the expense of long-term harm When a person is under the influence of any drug they may not be fully conscious of the choices that they are making. When there is an active drug area in the community there is usually more violence and less desired living situations. When there are drugs in a common area that area becomes more prone to violence and could actually desensitize the people in the community When you have shootings, robberies, rapes, and murders in any area there will be less of a desire for anybody to want to live there.Conclusion In conclusion with their being so much drug abuse in directlys society where do we begin to help break the cycle? We have seen that the problem is a mental health issue that begins with the addict however drug abuse has an effect on all aspects of life overall health and wellness, family life, and the community. If we stop judging the addicts and making them feel so much abash and embarrassment, we can lift them up, encourage them and support them to better then it can change the overall damage and damage that is being inflicted on our people and society.

Capital accumulation Essay Example for Free

Capital accumulation EssayNucleon should decoct on contracting manufacturing for phases I and II and then for phase III focus on vertical integration of production to create greater economic value, therefore gaining and sustaining competitive payoff and producing the largest NPV. By contracting manufacturing, Nucleon will be able to focus on core competencies with no slap-up investments. Also, by vertical integration Nucleon gains sources of competitive advantage. Contracting manufacturing focuses on core competencies. Nucleon will collect facilities and personnel office in place to implement phases I and II, require no capital investments (reducing up front be Table 1), and therefore able to focus on clinical trials. As Hurts commented, Its important for us to get our products into the clinic before others do. Vertically integrating increase NPV by 2002 and gains competitive advantage. Nucleon has juicy threats of opportunism due to uncertainty and complexity. There are over 200 other firms and Nucleon needs to retain competitive advantage and then sustain this advantage. By integrating, Nucleon has good possibilities of raising funds, producing other products, and raising a larger income.Vertical integration provides a larger potential income for Nucleon in phase III base on NPV (refer to Table 1), while contracting manufacturing for phases I and II provide Nucleon with ability to focus on core competencies and thus producing the largest NPV by 2002 of approximately $20M.Performed well even in the recession.CEO believed that you need to have an effective strategy and right people to execute the strategy. The company has been able to gain competitive advantage, simply can they sustain this advantage? Distinguishes us from other players in the MA field, its that we stay in touch with the companies. 2001-Present Danaher focused on allocating decisions on the basis of return on invested capital (ROIC)

Free

Free Research Paper Example EssayI. INTEGRATED SCIENCE(Interaction Environment and organism)II. agate line PAPER CASE STUDYBacteria constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria were among the number mavin feel forms to appear onEarth, and ar present in most habitats on the planet, growing in soil, water, acidulous hot springs, radioactive waste, and deep in the Earths crust, as well as in organic exit and the live bodies of plants and animals, providing outstanding examples of mutualism in the digestive tracts of humans, termites and cockroaches. On February 6, 2013, scientists reported that bacteria were found nutrition in the cold and dark in a lake buried a half-mile deep under the methamphetamine in Antarctica. There are typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gibibyte of soil and a million bacterial cells in a millilitre of fresh water in all, there are approximately five nonillion (51030) bacteria on Earth, forming a biomass that exceeds that of all plants and animals.Bacteria are vital in recycling nutrients, with many steps in nutrient cycles depending on these organisms, such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere andputrefaction. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, bacteria provide the nutrients undeniable to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds such as hydrogen sulphide and methane. Most bacteria have not been characterised, and only about half of the phyla of bacteria have species that can be self-aggrandising in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a branch ofmicrobiology. Most bacteria disguise a covering for themselves which we call a cell wall, However, bacterial cell walls are a totally different thing than the cell walls we talk about plants having. Bacterial cell walls do NOT occupy cellulose like plant cell walls do. Bacterial cell walls are made mostly of a chemical substance called peptidoglycan (made of polypeptides bonded to modified sugars), but the amount and location of the peptidoglycan are different in the two possible types of cell walls, depending on the species of bacterium.Some antibiotics, like penicillin, inhibit the formation of the chemical cross linkages needed to make peptidoglycan. These antibiotics take overt outright kill the bacteria, but just stop them from being able to make more(prenominal) cell wall so they can grow. Thats why antibiotics must typically be interpreted for ten days until the bacteria, unable to grow, die of old age. If a person stops victorious the antibiotic sooner, any living bacteria could start making peptidoglycan, grow, and reproduce. Bacteria were the most prominent creatures in the earliest stages of lifes history almost 4000 million years until 600 million years ago. Fossils called stromatolites can still be found and were made by Cyanobacteria.III. SOURCE/REFERENCES* http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria* http//biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio106/bacteria.htm* http//bacteriamuseum.org/cms/Bacteria/what-are-bacteria.html * http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/ powder magazine/indexmag.html?http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/wimsmall/bacdr.html * http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/wimsmall/bacdr.htmlIV. CONTENTA. BRIEF PRESENTATION OF THE CASEEndogenous endophthalmitis is a potentially blinding ocular transmission system resulting from hematogenous spread from a remote primary source. The condition is relatively rare but may scram more common as the number of chronically debilitated patients and the use of invasive procedures increase. Many etiologic organisms (gram-positive, gram-negative and fungal) have been reported to cause endogenous endophthalmitis. Risk factors are well defined and accommodate most reasons for immune suppression. A high clinical s uspicion is needed for early diagnosis and treatment. proterozoic intravenous antibiotic therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment. The roles of intravitreal antibiotics and vitrectomy are evolving and may start more widely veritable as therapeutic modalities.The authors report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis and provide a brief come off of the literature. Endogenous endophthalmitis is defined as an intraocular infection resulting from hematogenous bacterial spread. It is relatively rare, accounting for 2 to 8 portion of all cases of endophthalmitis, and is associated with immunocompromised states, debilitating unhealthinesss and invasive procedures.1 Because of the rapid advance of medical technology, a longer life span of patients with chronic diseases and a rising prevalence of long-term intravenous access, the disease may become more common in clinical practice. It is important that the family physician be aware of endogenous endophthalmitis because early diagnosis and prompt aggressive treatment are imperative if vision loss is to be avoided.B. demo OF VIEWBanana bacterial (Xanthomonas) wilt, first detected in Uganda in 2001, has since spread rapidly. Approximately one third of Ugandas banana growing land is now affected by the disease, which renders fruit inedible and at long last kills the plant. The Ugandan government has been praised for its promptness in attempting to consider the spread, but despite these efforts, and the encouraging success of govern in some areas, the risk of further spread, both within and beyond Uganda, remains. Strengthening and refining the control effort is now clearly essential, but how should this be done, where are the research priorities, and what action should be taken by Ugandas neighbours? In July this year an expert consultation of senior stakeholders from policy, research and disease control, was convened at the UKs important Science Laboratory near York. They offered New Agriculturist their point s of view on the current status of the disease and the ways forward for control.

The Catholic Church Essay Example for Free

The Catholic Church EssayThe Iroquois confederacy, an association of sextet linguistic aloney related tribes in the northeastern wood lends, was a sophisticated hostel of some 5,500 large number when the fresh worldly concern white explorers encountered it at the beginning of the s counterbalanceteenth century. The 1990 Census counted 49,038 Iroquois brio in the fall in States, making them the countrys ordinal most populous domestic American group. Although Iroquoian tribes own seven reservations in New York state and hotshot in Wisconsin, the majority of the people add out off the reservations.An additional 5,000 Iroquois reside in Canada, where there ar 2 Iroquoian reservations. The people argon not averse to adopting current technology when it is beneficial, but they want to economize their own traditional identity. INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP CONTRIBUTIONS Although dis draw uped by some, there is significant evidence that the Iroquois due south served as a model o r inspiration for the U. S. paper. Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Paine were well acquainted with the unify. keister Rutledge, chairman of the committee that wrote the first draft of the musical composition, began the procedure by quoting some passages from the Haudenosaunee colossal Law. The Iroquois year of regime was based on democracy and personal freedom, and included ele lap forcets equivalent to the modern political excessivelyls of initiative, referendum, and recall. In 1987 Senator Daniel Inouye sponsored a resolution that would commemorate the Iroquois contributions to the formation of the federal g every modelnment. Many Iroquois people have made notable contributions to society and subtlety that transcend political boundaries.A dramatic example is Oren Lyons (1930 ), an Onondaga chief who has led political delegations to numerous countries in support of the rights of indigenous people. Twice named an All-American lacrosse goal-keeper, he led his 1957 team at Syrac use University to an unconquered season and was resultantually enrolled in the sports Hall of Fame. He was a successful amateur boxer in both the U. S. Army and in the Golden Gloves competition. He worked as a commercial artist for some(prenominal) years before returning to the reservation to assume his position as faithkeeper.An informant and illustrator, he has served as Chairman of American Studies at the State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo and as publisher of Daybreak, a estateal quarterly newspaper of Native American views. In 1992 he became the first indigenous attractor to have communicate the United state of matters General Assembly. Arden, Harvey. The Fire That Never Dies, National Geographic, September 1987. Axtell, James. The europiuman and the Indian Essays in the Ethnohistory of Colonial North America. New York Oxford University Press, 1981.A Basic Call to Consciousness. Rooseveltown, NY Akwesasne Notes, 1978. Bruchac, Joseph. New Voices from the Lon ghouse An Anthology of Contemporary Iroquois Writing. Greenfield Center, NY Greenfield reexamine Press, 1989. Fenton, Willam N. The Great Law and the Long-house A Political History of the Iroquois cabal. Norman University of Oklahoma Press, 1998. Graymont, Barbara. The Iroquois. Norman University of Oklahoma Press, 1991. Indian Roots of American Democracy, Northeast Indian Quarterly, alter by Jose Barreiro. Winter/Spring, 1987/1988.An Iroquois Source Book, Volumes 1 and 2, edited by Elisabeth Tooker. New York Garland Publishing, Inc. , 1985. Iroquois Women An Anthology, edited by W. G. Spittal. Ohsweken, Ontario Iroqrafts Ltd, 1990. Johnson, Elias. Legends, imposts and Laws of the Iroquois, or Six Nations, and History of the Tuscarora Indians. New York AMS Press, 1978 (reprint of 1881 edition). Josephy, Alvin M. , junior Now That the Buffalos G wholeness A Study of Todays American Indians. New York Alfred A. Knopf, 1982. Snow, Dean R. The Iroquois. Cambridge, MA Blackwell, 1996 .Tooker, Elisabeth. Lewis H. Morgan on Iroquois substantive Culture. Tucson University of Arizona Press, 1994. http//www. ipoaa. com/iroquois_constitution_united_states. htm The Effect of the Iroquois Constitution on the United States Constitution originally titled The United States Constitution Is it a Native American Myth? by Janet L. Daly Fitchburg State College (1997) The United States Constitution was influenced by the conceptions and the principles contained in the Iroquois Indian Confederacy form of governance which was founded in Native American mythology.Several different argonas essential(prenominal) be discussed in order to substantiate this premise that the Native Americans that arrived on the North American untainted around 12,000 years ago did indeed influence the very hindquarters of the United States political scienceal scheme which is written in the form of the United States Constitution. One of the first concepts which must be explored is the tradition of t he Iroquois League, since the basis of the dissertation is that the League tradition preceded and influenced the thinking of the Founding Fathers.The next topics must include a backchat of opinions and supporting details that the Iroquoian Confederacy method of governance did influence the development of the U. S. Constitution and specifically how make contributors to the writing of the Constitution, including Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson, were brought into the Native American sphere of thinking. Finally, a comparison of the League Tradition and several aras of the U. S. Constitution ordain show cl other(a) that the Native American Myth lives on even though the Native American community has been drastically diminished by the very Country which it helped to found.The Iroquois League tradition was first written over coiffure in an Iroquois language format in 1912 by anthropologist horse parsley A. Goldenweiser. 1 This go bywritten transcript as dictated by foreland J ohn Arthur Gibson has been recently (1992) saucily elicited, edited and translated by Hanni Woodbury in collaboration with Reg Henry and Harry Webster with the concomitant fluently reading caption of the foundation of the League of the Iroquois. Chief John Gibson, born in 1849 was un brainably the groovyest mind of his multiplication among the Six Nations who became the greatest living source on Iroquois culture at the turn of the century.2 Chief Gibson was appointed a member of a committee of chiefs that undertook the task of codifying the League Tradition because of the high believe by his own people for his knowledge of the League traditions and the various rituals connected with them. 3 What follows is a condensed variate of the League Tradition as put forth in the work translated by Hanni Woodbury which will deliver a general overview of the mythology which lead to the Tradition and the components of the Tradition which allowed a working unification system for the Iroquo is Confederacy.This Confederacy contained the original phoebe bird Nations of the Confederacy which included the Seneca, Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida and Cayuga and in 1715 increased to Six Nations with the inclusion of the Tuscaroras. Feuding and warfare were autochthonous in the land of the Mohawks which was located on the northern shore of Lake Ontario. A mother Kahetoktha (End of the Field) takes her daughter Kahetehsuk (She Walks Ahead) to live in a remote area of bush in order to protect her child. aft(prenominal) living there a considerable amount of time the daughter becomes pregnant and the fetch accuses her daughter of wrongdoing. The Mother and then has a dream from the messenger of the Great Spirit which reveals her daughter and not been with a man and will have a divine birth and the boy child to be born will be called Tekanawita and his life will be devoted to promoting peace among men. After the dream message is original the Mother and daughter reconcile and the son is born as prophesied.The boy grows quickly and when he is a young man Tekanawita returns to his mothers and grandmothers former settlement to announce to their people the skinny Message (kaihwiyoh), the Power (katshatstehsae) and the ataraxis (shenu) which are the triplet concepts that in concert spell out the call to unify the separate nations of the Iriquois. 4 Tekanawita visits the then separate nations and convinces them through demonstrating some miraculous feats. One such trial proposed by the Mohawk Nation was forTekanawita to sit atop a tree next to the river.The tree would then be cut down and Tekanawita would be thrown into the cold raging waters. If he emerged the next day alive this would be induction that he was the true messenger of the Great Spirit and the Good Message, the Power and the Peace would be accepted. When he successfully emerges the next day from the waters the Mohawk tribe is convinced. The five nations are receptive to the message and Tekanawita pr oceeds to frame the key concepts of the Great Law and organizes the Confederacy Council on the basis of principles which underlie Iroquois neighborly structure.He divides the five nations into moieties related to one another as fathers (Mohawk, Onondaga and Seneca) and sons (Oneida and Cayuga). 5 The decision making form which was to be followed involved the Mohawk Nation considering the issue and after a consensus is reached inside the Nation, V the question was to be passed to their moiety brother, the Seneca who reach a consensus. There is to be an attempt to consolidate their decision with that of the Mohawk.If dickens groups agree they are to appoint a loudspeaker system for the moiety who movesacross the conflagrateto bring the opinion and the question to the Oneida. The Oneida are to pass the question on to the Cayuga and if the two groups reach consensus the issue is to be passed back across the fire to the Mohawk who present the core to the firekeepers, the Onondaga s. The Onondagas then consider the issue and if they agree with the consensus reached by the other quaternary nations, they ratify the opinion. 6However, if there are divergent opinions from the Mohawk and Seneca, both opinions are to be pass across the fire to the Oneida and Cayuga to be considered equally. If the Oneida and Cayuga are split in opinion then both opinions must be handed on to the firekeepers. The Firekeepers can break the tie by choosing one opinion over the other. If the Oneida and Cayuga agree wit just one of the opinions handed to them by the Mohawk and Seneca, they return this opinion to the latter, and the speaker for the Mohawk and Seneca will present the opinions to the firekeepers, with an ex curriculumation of the outcome.The Onondaga consider the issue together with the results arrived at among the other nations, and the terminal decision will be announced. 7 After establishing the merry decision making process to be followed Tekanawita establishes the symbolism of the central hearth, that is the Confederacy fire, whose smoke will rise, the beautiful smoke, piercing the sky. 8 At the central fire he planted a tree a great white pine that put forth white roots East, West, North and South. severally nation would contribute one arrow to form a single strong bundle bound together with the sinew of a deer and as joined were to represent the Confederacy solidarity. Tekanawita ad change the Nations with the message that all Nations exercise equal authority in the Confederacy and that as individuals the Chiefs the tall trunks of the Confederacy are all equal in status. He then warned that if the arrows of the Nations are withdrawn from the bundle that represent the power of their solidarity, the bundle of arrows will weaken. 9After describing the basic workings of the Confederacy, Tekanawita called a lengthy recess, and members of the council returned to their settlements to inform the people of the Confederacy of the formation and to determine the alive organization of lineages and clans in their respective nations, and to select in terms of their lineage affiliations more panoramas for the positions on the council. cardinal titles are eventually assigned by clan and were assigned as follows- Mohawk 9, Seneca 8, Oneida 9, Cayuga -10, and Onondaga 14.The women of the clan or clan mothers were designated to be the holders of the clan titles and had control in large measure in the choice of successors. 10 The chiefs appointed were expected to maintain certain regulars or there was to be a recall process that would be followed. At times of stress in the Confederacy, the hereditary Chiefs were to be allowed to appoint a hanker corner Chief who would have special skills or qualities that could be of help to the hereditary chiefs in their ambitious tasks.Pine Tree Chiefs were to be appointed for life and their titles were not to be passed on after their death. 11 The final major process that Tekanawita was to call for was the orderly replacement of the Chiefs upon their dismissal or more credibly their death. This process was to allow an orderly transition of power within the Confederacy. This process consisted of the Clan Matron selecting a candidate and the women of the clan approving the selection followed by the chiefs who represent the tribal moiety, then the Chiefs of the Nation, then the Chiefs from her side of the Confederacy fire.At the Condolence Council the candidate was to be stood up for approval by the chiefs of the opposite moiety. The candidate is to be raised up by being crowned with the antlers of office representing his status as a Chief. 12 This was then the basic outline of the principles and philosophy of the Confederacy of the Iroquois. They agreed to stop fighting amongst themselves and to accept the Good Message that called upon them to mold a peaceful way to resolve issues among the tribes.They were directed by the messenger of the Great Spirit to uphold c ertain standards of leadership and to fill vacancies in a peaceful manner. They were to stand together so that they may be stronger than one individual tribe. There is a plethora of opinion which concurs with the thesis that the Iroquois Confederacy had a strong influence on the final document which was to be the law of the land for the United States from its inception to present day.Some of these sources not only attribute the Iroquois Confederacy with significantly bear upon the form of the Government of the United States but as well with instilling the American emancipation mentality which would give rise to the impetus to make the initial break from the British. As the Indians were standing along the shore ceremony the Puritans arrive, the Indians carried with them a tradition of meeting and democracy, of free speech, of free thinking, of tolerance for each others differences of religion, of all those things which got attached to the buck of Rights.13 White leaders watched the method of government that the Iroquois utilized and they learned union and democracy from it. Historians are now beginning to admit what they must have been aware of, that the government of the United States is not pattern after something across the ocean where there was a belief in the divine right of kings and where the people had no voice, but it is patterned after the government of the People of the Long set up, where all people, including both men and women were respected and took a variance in their government.14 The interaction between the colonial Americans and the Iroquois Confederacy began right away upon the arriver of the atomic number 63ans. The importance of conciliating the powerful Confederacy was fully appreciated by the colonial authorities and great pains were taken to secure and retain the favor of the confederacy. Each successive governor announced his arrival to the Sachems of the League, and invited them to meet him in council, at an earlier day, to renew the covenant chain or agreement to work together peacefully. 15Beginning in the early 1740s, Iroquois leaders strongly urged the colonists to form a conspiracy similar to their own with the immediate benefit to their interests of having a unified management of Indian trade with resultant minimization of fraud, and a unity of the two peoples in the face of the cold war which was occurring between the side of meat and the French. 16 This urging became a more forceful admonition when the Iroquois Chief Canssatego spoke to Pennsylvania officials self-possessed at Lancaster in 1744 with the following words Our wise forefathers established Union and Amity between the Five Nations.This has made us formidable this has given us great Weight and Authority with our neighboring Nations. We are a powerful Confederacy and by your observing the same methods, our wise forefathers have taken, you will follow such Strength and power. Therefore whatever befalls you, never fall our with one a nother. 17 A of import step forward towards colonial American unification necessary for the eventual independence movement took place in Albany, New York in 1754. The Albany Plan was a landmark on the rough course that was to lead through the first Continental Congress and the Articles of Confederation and then to the Constitution of 1787.18 On the eve of the Albany Congress, Franklin had a great deal of exposure to the imagery and political ideas of the Iroquois from first hand experience and from his study of Cadwallader Coldens History of the Five Nations. 19 Franklin met with both Colonial and Iroquois delegates to create a plan of unity that was in parcel derived from some of the tenets of the Great Law of the Iroquois. 20 During the discussions at Albany Franklin addressed the assemblage in words that freely acknowledged the Iroquois Confederacy as a model to name upon It would be a strange thingif Six Nations of ignorant savages should be capable of forming such a union a nd be able to execute it in such a manner that it has subsisted ages and appears indissoluble, and yet that a handle union should be impractical for ten or a dozen side of meat colonies, to whom it is more necessary and must be more advantageous, and who cannot be supposed to want an equal understanding of their interest. 21 When Franklin proposed his plan of union before the Congress it had a Grand Council, a Speaker, and called for a general government under whicheach colony may retain its present constitution all nomenclature and concept derived from the Confederacy. 22 Franklins writings indicate that as he became more deeply involved with the Iroquois and other Indian peoples, he picked up ideas from them concerning not only federalism, but concepts of natural rights, the personality of society and mans place in it, the role of property in society, and other intellectual constructs that would eventually be called into service by Franklin as he and the other American revoluti onaries shaped an 23 official ideology for the soon to be founded United States of America.23 As the relationship between the colonies and Great Britain became more and more strained rebellion became a more realistic and viable alter autochthonal. In the eyes of the rebellious American Colonists, the Iroquois symbolized autonomy and a new American identity. 24 The intervening years between the Albany Plan of Union, the Articles of Confederation and the final resolving of Independence included events such as the protest of the Stamp Act, the Boston Tea Party, formation of the Sons of Liberty.Each of these events drew upon the symbolism and philosophy of the Iroquois. The Sons of Liberty during the Stamp Act Crisis sent wampum belts to the Iroquois asking them to turn back the British moving down the Hudson. 25 The Boston Tea Party was carried out by Colonists dressed as Indians and the formation of the Sons of Liberty involved putting up a pine post called the Tree of Liberty, a di rect transference of symbolism from the Iroquois symbol of Liberty. 26On June 11, 1776, while the question of independence was being debated, twenty-one visiting Iroquois chiefs were actually lodged on the second floor of the Pennsylvania State House and were formally invited into the meeting hall of the Continental Congress. 27 During speeches delivered to the delegation of Native Americans they were addressed as Brothers and told of the delegates give care that the mavinship between them would continue as long as the sun shall. shine and the water run. 28 The speech expressed hope that new Americans and Iroquois would act as one people, and have but one heart.29 In a speech on July 26, 1776, James Wilson, delegate from Pennsylvania and future author of the first draft of the U. S. Constitution, argued forcefully for a confederation similar to the Iroquois League and asserted that Indians know the bang benefits of confederation and we have an example of it in the Union of the S ix Nations. 30 In essence, Wilson, a friend of Franklin, believed that a strong confederacy like the Iroquois Confederacy was crucial to the development of a new nation and to maintaining a friendly relationship with the Indian populations.31 Thomas Jefferson has also documented his appraisal of the attributes of the Native American concepts of lessonity and governance. In his writings Jefferson states Their only controls are their manners, and that moral sense of right and wrong, which, like the sense of tasting and feeling in every man, makes a part of his nature. An offense against these is punished by contempt, by exclusion from society, or, where the case is serious, as that of murder, by the individuals whom it concerns.Imperfect as this species of coercion may seem, crimes are very rare among them insomuch that were it made a question, whether no law, as among the savage American, or too much law, as among the civilized Europeans, submits man to the greatest evil, one who ha s seen both conditions of existence would pronounce it to be the concluding and that the sheep are happier of themselves, than under care of the wolves. It will be said, the great societies cannot exist without government. The savages, therefore, break them into clarified ones. 32 Several areas of the Iroquois Constitution of the Five Nations which clearly have a parallel in the U.S. Constitution would be paragraph 84 dealing with the right of self-determination, paragraph 96, stipulating government by the people, by the react of the governed, Paragraph 98 stating definite provision for such consent of the governed and controls by those governed and as a stomach example Paragraph 99 guaranteeing freedom of religion. 33 Paragraph 33 stipulates the process by which a Chief shall be replaced upon dismissal or death. This systematic transmission of official rank was, in fact, the vital principle of the Iroquois Government. 34The decision-making process of the League resembles that of a two-house congress in one body, with the older brothers and young brother each comprising a side of the house. 35 The Onondagas filled something of an executive role, with a veto that could be overridden by the older and younger brothers in concert. 36 By implication in five places within the U. S. Constitution the fix of the Iroquois Confederacys continual urgings that the colonists should coordinate Indian negotiations and policies through a central authority were codified.37 This codification is included in Article 11, Section 10, which prohibits the States from unveiling into treaties Article 11, Section 2, which also prohibits States from entering into treaties Article 11, Section 2, Clause 2, which defines the treaty process- Article VI, Section 2, which defines a treaty as the dogmatic law of the land and finally, Article 111, Section 2, which grants the federal courts over U. S. citizenry who violate treaties. 38 These provisos were to find an impact on the Native A merican populations to present day and beyond.Even in light of the precede discussion of the documented influence by the Iroquois Confederacy on the Founding Fathers and the resultant inclusion of some(prenominal) of the basic concepts and premises of the Iroquois Law within the U. S. Constitution, there is still an apparent oversight of the this impact in a scholarly work as recently as 1994. David N. Mayor in his discussion of the influences on the thinking of Thomas Jefferson in relation to his intellectual contribution to the U. S.Constitution mentions only Locke, Scottish moral sense of philosophy, deistic natural religion and the economic theories developed by British and French antimercantilists. 39 Not one mention or word of credit is given to the Native Americans who have so clearly been a major contributor in the formation of the American persona. Donald A. Grinde comments that ignoring the processes whereby Euroamericans created a new culture out of the American experie nce impoverishes everyone and gives an appearance that scholars are seeking to stop the process of de-Europeanizing America.40 He specifically discusses Temple University anthropologist Dr. Elisabeth Tooker who contends that American Indian government figures not at all in the standard histories of the Constitution, nor in the documents on which they rest. 41 As a refutation of this premise Grinde goes on to quote legion(predicate) of the specifics of the writings generated by the founders some of which have been stated herein along with scholarly input with excuse for their own viewpoint. It is truly a revelation as a student of history to study the impact that Native America had in the development of the United States of America.The fact that the Native Americans preceded the settlement of the Europeans and were a part of the innate character of the New World must logically affect the development of the new settlers. It is the eventual(prenominal) irony that by the initial assi stance given to the entering immigrants by the Native American population that they were in fact aiding in the ultimate decimation of their people, and the diminishment of their land and their mythological based form of government. Lesson 2 The infringement of America Reading Assignment Calloway, 67-136. IntroductionThe Columbian encounter is arguably the most pivotal event in the history of the world. Neither Europe nor the Americas would be the same after this watershed event. This lesson highlights the merging of two previously distinct ecosystems and the devastating effect it would have on native peoples. Then it traces emergence of three European powers as they became dominant colonizers in North America. The lesson emphasizes that regardless of the variety of experiences Indians had in their relations with Europeans, they all shared irreversible changes in their cultures.This lesson will also introduce you to some of the primary sources related to the Spanish, French, and Eng lish invasions of North America and their consequences. Essay topics for Lesson 2 Write on one of the following topics or amalgamate any of the topics into one. 1. What are the arguments for viewing capital of Ohio as a hero? Villain? Where do you come down on this contentious issue? 2. What were the main differences in the motives of the Spanish, French, and English when they colonized the Americas?Was the European mastery of the Americas inevitable? Why or why not? 3. What role did Indian relationships play in the outcome of the various European invasions? Explain the Columbian Exchange and how it affected both Europe and the Americas. 4. How does Apess deal with the fact that the Pequot supported the English in King Phillips War? Does Apesss writing tell us more about Pequots in the nineteenth century or seventeenth century Massachusetts? premature European Exploration and Colonization. Leah S. Glaser VUS.2 Describe how early European exploration and colonization resulted in pagan interactions among Europeans, Africans, and American Indians. For many years, students of American history have learned about the era of European exploration and colonization in terms of conquest and defeat. Europes entry into the Americas had economic and political motivations, but over the last several years historians have begun to emphasize that exploration and colonization also allowed cultural contacts and exchanges among three different continents Europe, Africa, and America.Each society viewed the other through their respective perceptions and culture. Historians like Colin Calloway and Gary Nash explain that these relationships created new worlds for all. The nature of cultural contact and change in America varied from region to region, and can be traced to Europes different colonizing strategies and the reception of the existing local population. America, Africa, and Europe Three Worlds on the Eve of 1492 Contrary to longstanding European assumptions, native soci eties in the Americas possessed their own rich and varied cultures.An estimated 3 to 5 million people, speaking hundreds of languages, dwell the region with about 60 million people living in the Western Hemisphere, the population rivaled that of Europe and Africa. While they did not yet possess the same farming techniques or methods of transportation as those of Europe and Africa, these societies were diverse and sophisticated, and adapted continually to changing environments. Irrigation communities in the Southwest, mound cities in the Mississippi and Ohio Valleys, and the villages of the eastern woodlands characterized the nature of these societies at the time of European contact.Climatic changes, over hundreds of years, had altered farming patterns and prompted different groups to compete for sureness through warfare, as well as to participate in a vast trade profit that spread across the continent. The African societies (like those of the American Indians and the Europeans) w ere highly dependent on the environmental conditions and varied widely across the continent. Africa very much resembled America in its diversity of cultures across deserts, grasslands, and forests, its established networks of trade, and resource competition.The early use of iron implements raised productivity and subsequently increased the continents population, which reached about 50 million by the fifteenth century. Much of that population was organized politically under large empires, like the Kingdom of gold coast. Ghana achieved architectural and artistic wealth principally through important trading contacts with the Middle and Far East. other(a) kingdoms also developed skilled craftsmanship, codes of law, and trading networks. Alongside these trade relationships, Muslim influences, which had spread throughout Africa since the 11th century, also shaped African community life.African societies differed most markedly from those in Europe in terms of familial organization (matr ilineal rather than patrilineal). For example, property rights and inheritance descended through the mother. Europeans did not engage with Africa until the early fifteenth century, though they had been fascinated with the East for hundreds of years prior to contact. They were particularly eager to control the Mediterranean trade routes that tapped into the vast markets and goods.Throughout the Middle Ages, the East also served as a battleground for two of the worlds fastest growing religions, Islam and Christianity, as evidenced in the Crusades. The Catholic Church and the Holy Roman imperium ruled supreme over Europe in opposition to the growing Ottoman (Islamic) Empire. By the fifteenth century, the invention of the printing press and improvements in navigation techniques (like the compass and the hourglass) helped spawn the Renaissance, an era known for contest the power of the Church and celebrating human possibility though exploration, ideas, art, and literature.Spain joined in this creative celebration, but also gained political power by successfully defeating Islamic forces in Granada and by consolidating two powerful Catholic monarchies through the marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castille. In 1492, the two Catholic leaders launched the Inquisition to make Spain, once part of the Ottoman Empire, into a fully Catholic country. Their efforts spawned the Reconquista, an era fueled by violence and religious fanaticism as Spain sought to expel all Jews and Muslims from its borders.Amidst this political climate and activity, Ferdinand and Isabella granted a Genoan explorer, Christopher Columbus, funding to balloon Spains empire. 1492 Americas Indians Encounter the Spanish After he landed on the islands we know today as the Bahamas, Columbus explored the island of Hispaniola where he met the lands native inhabitants. He and his crews returned to the Caribbean three more times. Columbuss so called discovery offered Spain tremendous opportunit ies for wealth, particularly from the minelaying of gold and silver. It also provided new soil for European plants like sugar, cof

Accrual Method Essay Example for Free

Accrual Method EssayThe accrual method of accounting and the cash root of accounting are different in the way that they record transactions. With cash basis accounting, the agency records coin to its book once it is received or when it leaves their system. The accrual method, though, records a transaction when it happens, even if they do not receive money for it yet.Accrual accounting is a more accurate portrait of the nonprofit governing bodys finances. If they supply a service they immediately record the cost of that service. This point of view is of the essence(p) because it is more accurate than the cash basis form of accounting, which only documents income when cash comes into the physical composition.The statement of cash come is of fundamental importance to an organizations financial management. This statement gives the organization a breakdown of each transaction that comes in or out. This is totaled up over a particular time period. If in that respect are any di fferences in the organizational transactions, the statement of cash flow makes this clear.The financial stability of an organization rests on what money they make or spend every day. The organization might go disclose if they do not track how their money is spent. These accounting practices offer solid documentation of where money goes.

Beatrice and Catherine Essay Example for Free

Beatrice and Catherine set or soAt the beginning of the scene Beatrice and Catherine are attempting to make the atmosphere relaxed, by diverting the conversation international from Rodolfo, onto subjects that they believe will not give Eddie any reason to confront Rodolfo. Eddie however is unable to circumscribe from showing his contempt for Rodolfo. He does this by shouting at Rodolfo because Rodolfo said lemons are green which is not even remotely offensive to anyone. Eddie replies by saying for Christs sake this suggests that eddies is annoyed that Rodolfo who he regards as an outclassed corrected him this is because for Christs sake is a religious swearword. Beatrice reacts to this part by again changing the conversation to another(prenominal) subject. Eddie then begins to antagonize Marco by suggesting that his wife may have been un-loyal to him. Eddie does this by saying I betcha thithers circle of surprises. Marco responds to this situation by showing his confidenc e and trust in his wife he says no no the women wait. Eddie shows his anger towards Rodolfo by pouncing on the situation. On the previous page Rodolfo says its more strict in our township its not so free. Eddie uses this statement as an excuse to let out his anger.Eddie says drag off few girl the word girl suggests that he is talking about Catherine whilst the word drag tells us that Rodolfo is fetching her out against her will. This however is not true so Beatrice says he didnt exactly drag her off . Marco reacts by cautiously agreeing, as if he suspects that Eddie might drag him into something, to everything Eddie says. At the wind of page 39 there I an awkwardness which has bean caused by eddies statement at the end of page 38 in which he says but I understood Marco that you was coming here to make a living for your family.This obviously annoys Marco because as we have read earlier he stressed the fact that he misses his wife tremendously. The listening expects the awkwar dness to be resolved by a further change in conversation by either Beatrice or Catharine. The oddballs on distributor point by doing the exact opposite that the audience expects. Catharine decides to incise the situation by saying you wanna dance, Rodolfo. After Catharine says this Eddie shows his disappointment by freezing as if he can not believe what he has just heard. Rodolfo who had been instructed by Marco to keep Eddies best interests at heart refuses.Beatrice is the only character to recognize that if Eddie was not present Rodolfo would jump at the chance to dance with Catharine so she gives Rodolfo some more than needed encouraged by saying go ahead dance Rodolfo. Eddies speech and actions on the top half of page 40 increase the dramatic tension because whilst he sarcastically talks about how lucky Rodolfo is he is unconsciously twisting the newspaper up and then tearing it into two. This gives us the pattern that Eddie imagines the newspaper as Rodolfo and therefore is doing to the newspaper what he wants to do to Rodolfo.Eddies real intentions are reveled in the stage direction he is weirdly elated, rubbing his fists into his palms this suggests that Eddie is massaging his fists as people usually do before getting into a fight this gives me the impression that Eddie wants to beat up Rodolfo. The dramatic tension increases on pg 40 and 41 of eddies sudden change of attitude towards Rodolfo. Instead of criticizing Rodolfo at every available opportunity like he has done earlier on in the play he begins to become friendlier towards him.The dramatic tension alike increases because of eddies sudden decision to teach Rodolfo how to box . When Eddie punches Rodolfo the characters react in many different ways Catherine rushes towards Rodolfo in order to see if he is all right. Beatrice dosents see anything but the sportsmanship but nevertheless decide that for the flash that is enough. Eddie reacts by suggesting that he and Rodolfo should box again bu t whilst saying this he is uncouncensioly rubbing his fists together this suggests that he cannot wait to beat up Rodolfo again.The effect of eddies punching of Rodolfo is that become certain that something big will happen in short because they realize the true hatred inside Eddie. When Marco take exceptions Eddie to lift up the chair Eddie reacts by taking marcos challenge as a joke . the audience however realize that marco is trying to tell eddie that although he value him when it comes down to the wire blood is thicker then water and that he will not hesitate to corroborate his brother Rodolfo.The action on page 42 reflects the change of power in the carbone crime syndicate because the carbone household now ujnderstand that Marco is the most powerful person in the house. Miller ends act 1 in what is a fundamental scene of the play this is because it shows the transfer of power. Also this scene is important because it ends in a var. of mini-cliffhanger which increases the aud iences expectations that something will happen when the curtains rise again.

Juvenile Delinquency Essay Example for Free

teenage Delinquency Essay in that location are numerous theories to why a person becomes who they are and how they got there, what makes it difficult to understand is which correct scheme to assume and believe. Listed are a brief analysis of a few theories and two case studies of two fast archaeozoic dayss that will help to open a window to witness what is happening to societys youth and how they contribute to adulthood. Although, some(prenominal)(prenominal) theories are around regarding juvenile delinquency, tapering them down to whizz solution is around impracticable. Knowing that a theory is simply an educated guess, one potful see there is not one private cause for delinquency in society today . However, there are several theories that should be con postred and explored. We should make a to a greater extent in-depth look at figures and determine where crime actu bothy begins. The spare-time activity are two separate crimes and for many, the correct theories surr ounding them. I will explore theories such as the Robert Agnus General Strain Theory which suggest that anger, frustration and adverse emotions are link up to blackball and destructive relationships.I will also explore Sigmund Freuds psychodynamic theory which suggests delinquent behavior is a product of abnormal personality complex body part formed early in life which consciously controls her choices. teenaged Delinquency I will begin with Lakeisha McCoy a 16 year old girl brisk in Malvern Arkansas, a rural area in county seat of Hot Springs with the population of 9,021 (Wikipedia 2000) Lakeisha is from a single upgrade home with her mother and three other your female siblings surviving on the income $ 375 a calendar week and no father figure in the home.Lakeishas mother works 40-50 hours per week at the quiver House and has no daycare for the younger barbarianren . Therefore Lakeisha is unsupervised for better part of (6) hours after take aim due to her mothers schedule. Lakieshas mother has an extensive criminal record possible genial illness, and was a troubled youth. She chooses boyfriends are less than desirable citizens most have little job security measures as well as drug and alcohol tendencies. Lakiesha was recently arrested for shoplifting at the local clam store after stealing two pairs of shoes and three shirts.Next subject is Martin, a 14 year old male who lives in Dallas Texas, a large metropolitan city with the population of 1,299,543 (Wikipedia 2008) Martin is from a two parent household with one younger sister living on the annual income of $100,000. 00 a year. Martins parents are both employed, however, they work opposite shifts to ensure at least one parent is available for supervision at all times. Both parents keep the children at home after cultivate and they are not involved with any after school or extra family functions.Martin was arrested for breaking and immersion into a neighbors home during the day when his mother wa s a doctors day of the month with his younger sister. What would society believe to be the reasoning behind both Lakeisha and Martins crimes? Some would say There just troubled kids or maybe would say Its because neither had supervision. However, research and theorists positioning it in a completely variant way. Lets look at Sigmund Freuds psychodynamic theory which suggests delinquent behavior is a bi product of abnormal personality structure formed early during the beginning stages of life.This theory would then explain her choices in relationships and how she feels about herself . Example mental torment tail assembly lead children into violence and aggression . An neglected child attention from catchs will introduce them to a family structure or gang. This theory indicates that children act on unconscious needs and desires. With id, egos ,and super ego functioning unitedly a child can live a normal in the aspects of personality if one becomes overleap then abnormal personal ity traits can be viewed in a God like complex. (Siegel et al. 2003).foreplay theorists believe that obtaining thrills is a motivation of committing crimes. They believe children commit crimes like shoplifting for the thrill of possibly get away with it . They also believe this directly linked environmental and genetic reasons and this group responds to a different brain stimuli. This skill indicate that some children need more stimuli to feel comfortable which links high degrees of excitement . The theories do not stop with just a chemical thrill seeking side of these children there are a few other facts to consider. (Siegel et al., 2003).Robert Agnus General Strain Theory explores the public opinion that anger, frustration and adverse emotions are directly linked to negative and destructive relationships. Example, Lakeishas mother is one with abusive tendencies, she is ridiculed and called names which affects her behaviors both inside and outside the home by harboring a since of fear. Disappointment and anger. This at last leads to antisocial behavior. He indicates that the negative behavior is linked to a certain peer group which might lead the adolescent to riskier behavior such as drug use.(Siegel et al. , 2003). Also Edwin Sutherlands differential standstill theory suggest children exposed to and learn prosocial and antisocial attitudes and behavior meaning that the definitions of violating the law outweigh the definitions of be law abiding . Lakeishas mother has a long criminal record including , shoplifting , robbery and drug dealing. Since Lakeisha was exposed to this behavior most of her life, she begin to understand the law differently than a child whose parents were law abiding citizens.Terrence Thornberrys interactional theory suggests most onset of criminal activity is linked to the weakening of social bonds during adolescence marked by the deterioration of attachments of function within a society. It also believes that earnestly delinq uent children form a counter cultural belief system that justifies their behavior they interact with peer groups that that reinforce the same type of behavior and beliefs. This reinforces the term Birds of a feather flock together . together they may look for excitement and engage reckless behavior and by doing so they will confirm their actions by stating we have to do something for enjoyment (Siegel et al, 2002). In Lakeishas case all three theories can be tied to her behavior, individual sociological and developmental stages have all been tainted . From birth Lakeisha was statistically predisposed to commit crimes and have a delinquent youth. Today, there are 100,000 children incarcerated throughout the get together States and the identification number in continuing to rise. Studies show that in 19999 there were nearly (2) million juvenile adjudicated in the United States courts.That is an increase of 27% since 1990. The number of drug law violations change magnitude by 168% public order increased by 74% and offenses of a person increased by 55% (Puzzanchera, 1999). Martins case is linked more towards the interactional theory and arousal theory than the opposite. His behaviors seem easier to turn towards the positive aspect than the latter. After several years of juvenile justice the general consensus should consider exploring there issues first. look in and around all the theories and perhaps children can avoid obstacles in their way. REFERENCES Foster care and juvenile delinquency (n. d. )Retrieved July 24, 2010 , from http// www,ark. edu/psyc112/fostercare/. Pussanchera, C (1999) The subject field juvenile court data archives. Retrived Oct 19, 2005 from Juvenile Court Statistics Web site http//www. ncjrs. org/pdffiles I /ojjdp/201141. pdfsearch=Juvenile%20statistics Siegel, L (2002) Juvenile delinquency, The Core, Belmont, CA Wadsworth Sigel. J. , Welsh, B, C, Senna, J. J. (2003) Juvenile Delinquency Theory, practice, and law (8th Ed. ). United Sta tes Thomson Wikipedia (2002). Retrieved July 27, 2010 from the surplus Encyclopedia Website Wikipedia (2006) Retrieved July 27, 2010 from The free Encyclopedia Website

Will Positive behavior Modification Decrease the Amount of Negative-Seeking Attention of a Child Essay Example for Free

Will Positive air Modification Decrease the pith of Negative-Seeking Attention of a Child EssayTeaching is a challenging profession especially if the instructor is handling sisterren. Children, when they want to have assistance, will do anything entirely to have it. They do anything positively or shunly just to have the maintenance that he wants. Children most of the time do it positively, however several(prenominal)what would do it negatively. Say for pillow slip, in a school setting, the child whitethorn desire for the financial aid of the instructor thus in class he misbehaves. He doesnt rightfully c are as to what vigilance he would be foreshortenting, be it praise or a reprimand, for as long as he raise ups the circumspection, he likes it. To a child an attention from an adult is very important. sometimes, it is just provided normal that children seek approval and attention but if this is too much, this could become a problem because the child would ten d to be controlling. This body process whitethorn then result in a situation where the child controls your life. The very dry land for misbehavior in young children is to touch on attention, and in their later life, this whitethorn cause discipline problems (Severe, 2000). ace of my 5th grade students, a male one, misbehaves that he is disturbing the class and distracts me as well.When he does this, I reprimand him however what he does is that he behaves for a while and then misbehaves again. I valued to insert out what seems to be the problem with this child and I found out that he just wants some attention. He has this negative-attention want behavior wherein he does tricks just to get anyones attention. Everyday he has stark naked tricks that he plays so he posterior have the attention that he wants. One time he threw a crumpled paper towards his classmate just to get the attention of his classmate.Another day this resembling student loudly talked to his classmate tha t distracted our discussion. Everyday he gets reprimands from me and he does the same thing again after a while. I started observing the child when he is playing with his friends. He excessively does tricks to get the attention of his playmates. I asked the other teachers who cut acrossd this child if they have observed this behavior and they said yes. This child really engages attention, no matter what he does and what he gets as long as he seat have the attention that he wants.He may act negatively just to get the attention he does not care. He wants attention. I observed this particular child from day to day and consulted some books and studies about this kind of behavior of a child and came up with a plan on how to accrue the negative-seeking behavior of this child. This plan would use the positive behavioral modification. The question however is, Will positive behavioral modification decrease the amount of negative-seeking behavior of my 5th grade male student? My plan of action was to employ a positive behavior modification wherein interventions would be done by using techniques much(prenominal) as counter-conditioning, reinforcement and shaping to modify ones behavior. The first strategy that I occupied is the random positive attention. In this kind of strategy, one must ignore the students attention-seeking behaviors while some positive attention would be ruinn at the same time. Say for example if the child would make a noise, just get wind to look at him in the eye and smiling at him.This way he would notice that he is being given the attention. Another strategy is to give positive attention and approval to their behavior when appropriate. This would help the child understand his behavior better (How to handle Attention, 2008). This could be helpful because the child would confirm that he is appreciated. This may help lessen his attention seeking behavior because he may feel he is given collectable credit for. He is gaining the attention that he needs from the tidy sum that he wants it from.Say for example when the child perfects his score in his exam, the teacher praises him or if he fails the teacher gives him encouragement thus the child would feel that he has a worthy in the class because the teacher noticed him. Another way to handle the attention seeking behavior is to appreciate his positive behaviors and do not give negative attention to his misbehavior (How to handle Attention, 2008). In this way the child may build that he can only get the attention that he wants when he is doing well.In this way he might change his mind on misbehaving he would try to do positive things to get recognized rather than misbehave and get nothing. Say for example when a child makes noise that disturbs the class, the teacher would simply look at him and smile, that would let this child go steady that he is recognized but this is just a temporary recognition and when the child keeps quiet the teacher should spot this in fron t of the class that the child would feel that he is more appreciated when he is doing the things that are expected of him.Another way to handle the attention seeking child is to make him realize that on that point are other students who in any case need the teachers attention. He might then realize that he is getting the equal attention that the other children are getting. In this way he may learn to behave in an appropriate way. Say for example when this child sees that the teacher is giving complete attention to the well behaved student he may try to imitate that behavior thus fall his negative attention seeking behavior. Another way is to give due credits to the child when he is doing well in class. Give him praise in front of the class.This may make the child realize that he is getting the attention of the teacher when he is doing well in class thus this may make him more motivated in studying his lessons. Instead of investing his time bullying around, he may realize that he may take time on studying his lessons and participate in class. Say for example when the child delivered a good speech in class give him due credit by not just saying that it was wonderful but by further enquire the child how he was able to come up with the good speech and that he has to keep it up. different children may seek attention because they simply want to fell that they are also important.So other intervention would be letting them know that they are important but there are also other students who also need the attention of the teacher. In this way a child may realize that he is not the only student that needs the attention of the teacher. In this way a child may lessen his misbehaviors and learn to consider others. Give the child tasks that you are confident that he can accomplish. If he does, it would make him feel proud about himself and he may fell that the teacher trusts him and that he is important because he was given the task.Another intervention would be, ignor e the negative behavior of the child when appropriate. Sometimes children have tantrums, whining, swearing and arguing, and these kinds of behaviors are not harmful to either the child or the other people concerned. This behavior may be ignored and the child may realize that he cannot get attention from this kind of an act thus resulting to the decrease of the negative seeking behavior of the child. A child when he doesnt get the attention that he needs, he may think of other ways to get the attention from the person that he wants it from.The results were actually positive. I have discovered a lot of things in the case of this child. I learned that a child would really do whatever it takes just to get the attention that he wants. The child would not care if its positive or negative attention that he gets as long as he gets that attention then he is happy with it. He would do the same things over and over again if he does not get what he wanted thus we would be on a cycle and the chi ld would not change. With the applied interventions the childs attitude slowly changed for the better.He was starting to reflect on his actions because he does not misbehave much in class. He also became participative in the class. The childs negative-seeking attention was not really changed but it was somehow slowly decreasing. Changes in attitudes are not that easy to achieve thus it needs effort to be able to achieve the outcome that we wanted. Changes in attitudes does not come overnight thus we need to give time for the child to improve. As the teacher of this child, I learned that my reprimand were not useful as we may got through the same cycle everyday.That if I always give an equal negative attention to the negative-seeking behavior of the child, I might just be tolerating the attitude that he is showing. I also learned that every child is unique. There may be a lot of interventions that are on tap(predicate) however this may not be applicable to every child having this kind of problem. As a result of what I learned, I may not have reprimanded the child as I do everyday. The child may just like this kind of attention that he is getting from me but this would not help him change his behavior. The child may just do the same thing everyday.This study may help not just teachers but parents as well who have this kind of child. The children may just need something that they were not able to have either from their teachers or from their parents. A quantity time may not mean a quality time thus what we adults need to look into is the time that we give with the children. Let us be sensitive to our childrens needs. If the child misbehaves, there might be a corresponding reason for that misbehavior and so we need to know that first before we decide what penalization to give because our reprimands may make the situation worse.