Jainism vs. Sikhism Worksheet Essay

1. Ahimsa- nonviolence belief means extremely gentle or harmless. This is the aggregate belief in Jainism. It includes avoiding occupations that may harm new(prenominal) aliveness animals including insects, victimisation items made from animals such as leather and feathers. 1. Have allowed for the religion to articulate military defense. Because on the early Gurus was murdered as a kill the military or body guard sect was make. These soldiers are know as the Khalsa.2. Non-Lying- Jains moldiness practice telling truths. This means avoiding exaggeration and falsehoods. Nonstealing- It is practicing the dischargeonical ideal of non taking any possession that is not nonpareil. Items must be giving freely. This is caused by desire and wanting to inflict pain on others. 2. Sikhs are allowed to eat meat and do not leave a diet system as strict as other Hindu religions.3. Rejects the belief in a creator, instead believe that the domain was created by natural forces in motion 3. Sikhs believe that the creative activity was created by one God. This one God is the divine entity in their monotheism religion.4. Chastity- For monks and nuns it is complete celibacy. For Jains remote the order it means to perform monogamy with ones spouse. bring up outside this can lead to blind passion and an attachment to the strong-arm world. 4. Sikhism is the combination of two religions forming. The Islamic and Hindu religions molded together as many ideas were shared. For example the belief in one God.5. Nonattachment- Believe that charitable form bonds with family, possessions such as homes and money, land etc. Jains believe that these attachments can control a psyche. Practice to limit these possession in not possible to eliminate them. 5. Sikhs believe in reincarnation and karma. This is one of the hardly a(prenominal) fundamental areas that Sikhs take from Hinduism.Part 2Respond to the following questions in 150 to 200 words1. What do you think is the closely v aluable similarity and which is the most important difference? Use specifics to support your answer.The most important difference is that of the creation of the universe. Jains regret the idea that the universe was created by one creator. Rather they believe that the universe was created out of natural forces in motion. And that they forces are constantly changing. Sikhs on the other hand believe that the universe was created by one God. This one God is the divine entity in their monotheism religion. This helps to produce the understanding in each religions core beliefs.Regardless of their difference, both religions filtrate the importance of the individuals struggle to purify the self, to act morally, and to do good to others, Malloy (2013). The most important similarity is that of karma and reincarnation. These basic principals have been adopted from Hinduism. It represents the main mantra that life on this plane must be lived in the path of righteous. By doing onto others a nd acting selfless these two religions are formed under one basic principal to achieve the ultimate remainder of life on the highest existence level.2. Consider the following statement Sallekhana ( set apart death) violates the Jain principle of ahimsa because it is an act of violence against oneself. Using examples from Ch. 5 of your text, what points might a follower of Jainism make to argue against this statement?Ahimsa is delineate by Merriam-Webster (2015) as the Hindu and Buddhist doctrine of refraining from harming any living be. Ahimsa is actually a good deal more than this, it entails a lifetime of practice and includes being as gentle and harmless as can be. It involves in restraining in any act of violence. The Jains uphold this belief with the highest regard and understand that it takes much more than harming other living being but also from harming oneself. The concept of Jains is to achieve freedom of spirit. Jains do accept ending ones own life, but we must unders tand the practice form the Jain point of view and within the context.Jains see all life as a preparation for the liberation of the spirit(jiva) from the body, and when a person is sufficiently evolved spiritually, that person can make the e final choice to no perennial create more karma Malloy(2013). The Jains believe in nonattachment to earthly possessions, and therefore one can find honor is ending ones life. Sallekhana or holy death is the most highly esteemed method, however, is self-starvation, Malloy (2012.) There by withholding from food the Jains are becoming more selfless and freeing his or her spirit from the earthly plane and achieving a high level of karma.ReferencesMerriam-Webster. (2015). Retrieved from http//www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/religionMolloy, M. (2012). Experiencing the Worlds Religions. Tradition, Challenge, and Change (6th ed.)Chapter 5. Retrieved from https//newclassroom3.phoenix.edu/Classroom

Cognitive behavioral therapy

I will save a summary of both commencees followed by critical reflection upon their exceptive origins, similarities, differences and usage in practice. Carl Rogers, originator of the person- concern approach, conceived it in the late 1 sass at a time when the healthful establishment was dominated by psychoanalysis, which holds that psychological problems pass from childhood fixations and biological drives buried in the unconscious mind, and behaviorism, which focuses on the annalistic mechanism of habits developing as a reaction to stimuli.Rogers disagreed with these approaches conception of the lymph gland as weak or broken and the healer as the expert with the tools to fix him Cashmere, 201 1). Conversely, the person-centered approach is popular opinion to be rooted in three interrelated philosophies (Cashmere, 2011 humanityism, existentialism and phenomenology. humanism is fundament all in ally a precept in the dignity and worth of individually individual, and that each person is assiduous in a struggle towards self-actualization, I. E. fulfillment of potential in some way, which should be discoverd and respected.Existentialism holds that there is no objective truth or meaning and that humans are therefrom condemned to be free, with total responsibility for creating meaning in our individual lives, and homogeneousness is a related method of social/philosophical enquiry have-to doe with with understanding the subjective reality maked by each individual. order of payment on these influences, Rogers create a number of key tenets of person-centered counseling, three of which he dubbed the core conditions of therapeutic change.These are that, firstly, the therapist experiences unconditional positive regard for the thickening the customer is do to feel that everything he feels and expresses is equally go forable, important and valued. Secondly, the therapist experiences an empathetic understanding of he client, which way that as the client is talking, the therapist accurately senses his persuasions and private values including those he whitethorn not be directly alive(predicate) of.Thirdly, the therapists unconditional positive regard and empathic understanding must be effectively conveyed to the client (Rogers, 1957, cited in Ballasting Dykes, 2010). Page 1 of 6 These tenets march to emphasis the role of the therapist in facilitating the clients achievement of self-actualization -becoming a psychologically mature adult who is at ease with their experiences and trusts their own inner sources to attention them cope with nastyies. As in phenomenology, the therapist is concerned with understanding the ball as perceived by the client.To work at heart the core conditions, a therapist must act as another human existence rather than an expert and must avoid projecting his own person-to-person meanings onto the clients point at all costs, although he should remain aware of them as demote of his own humanity. Roge rs theory is that the therapeutic kind, rather than any specific technique or treatment, will itself facilitate change. He believed that any diagnosis or goal-setting only objectifies clients, and that individual meanings should be treated as the highest permit (Ballasting Dykes, 2010).The person-centered approach also offers a theory explaining the origins of unbearable emotional distress. Where there is a action amongst how a person feels, or is (the organism self) and how he thinks he should feel, or be (the self-concept), the result is incongruence. When a person is incongruent, he is experiencing thoughts and feelings that are unacceptable according to his self-concept. This results in the employment of deference mechanisms such as repression, distortion or menial of feelings, alongside escalating confusion and unhappiness.In person- centered counseling, the therapist models congruence he is existence himself and his experiences match what he communicates to the client and his unconditional positive regard is intended to help the client begin to accept all aspects of himself and thus move towards congruence (Ballasting Dykes, 2010). heedfulness, contrastingly, is not primarily a therapy in itself (although there are types of therapy based solely upon Buddhist teachings) scarcely rather a method of dealing with low which has been integrated into several(prenominal) types f therapy, notably cognitive-behavioral therapy (CB).An integral partitioning of Buddhist philosophy, heedfulness is a translation of a Pail word meaning recollection. To recollect an awareness of the be moment means observing, without judgment, present thoughts, feelings, sensations and wider context. Crucially, this includes any kind of emotional irritation or suffering. It is posited that many people strive to keep themselves feeling safe, defend themselves from the things they fear and trying to attain the things they value and desire.People crave what they dont have an d excavate onto what they do -? forming emotional attachments to ideas, possessions or people in order to forefend themselves from the reality of life, which is that it involves suffering and will end in death (Barker, 2010). convert (2005, cited in Barker, 2010) uses the phrase psychological quicksand to describe the way we croup backslide deeper into our feelings when we try to struggle against them. To struggle Page 2 of 6 against awkward feelings, whether by distracting ourselves or by trying to force them to change, only deepens and exacerbates conflict and anguish.Further more(prenominal), when controlling or avoiding feelings does not work and we are arced to acknow leadge them, we may over-identify with them, view them as permanent and feel trapped within them. Acceptance is the first essential element of heedfulness instead of feeling sad about feeling sad, the alternative is to accept difficult feelings, gently and curiously, as only part of the whole moment. Being present is the stand by element this involves striving, through practice, to focus our attention upon the present moment.Ruminating over the knightly may result in our processing current thoughts and feelings as part Of an overall narrative, which impedes our understanding hem purely for what they are, and focusing on future goals prevents us from seeing that we will never be fully well-provided happiness can only be in the endeavourer, in the present moment. The third element is awareness. Becoming deeply aware of thoughts and thought processes means that we avoid becoming carried away by automatic processes at the expense of argue and control.Mindfulness is often practiced using meditation but can be employed as part of therapy or in the context of daily activities (Barker, 2010). The most striking similarity to note IS the resonance between the heedfulness-related rumination psychological quicksand and the person- centered concept of incongruence. Essentially, both approac hes locate the cause of suffering in the discrepancy between how people unfeignedly feel, or truly are, and how they believe they should feel or should be.Accordingly, both approaches advocate acceptance and legitimating of all parts of the self, although the person-centered approach perceives this as universe facilitated by the therapeutic relationship, whereas in mindfulness it occurs as a result of practicing acceptance, being present and awareness via techniques such as dedication. Shown (1996, cited in Barker, 2010) argues that it was the resonance between some humanistic and Buddhist ideas that led to Buddhism rising popularity in Western culture since the 1 sass mindfulness theories applied in the West are thus at to the lowest degree somewhat related to the humanist approach.Certainly the two approaches share a belief in phenomenological subjectivity and the harmfulness Of hierarchical, inflexible doctrines. However, at first glance, mindfulness may appear more ideologica lly-based. Where the person-centered approach focuses on the individualized organism self failing to reach the self concept, mindfulness takes a firmer stance in that it emphasizes the harmfulness of all craving or grasping, in all human beings, as a denial of the realities of suffering and death. Page 3 of 6 These aspects of the two approaches appear diametrically opposed.Should suffering people focus on themselves, or should they move towards focusing on the whole context adjoin them in order to gain perspective? Mann Bazaar is a person-centered therapist who, more recently, has incorporated mindfulness techniques as part of his practice (Bazaar, 2009). He emphasizes the erosion of self that a mindful examination of the self can ring about What meditation eventually does to one person is to hand ones identity That destroys the very stem of our western society which is founded on ego, on self, on acquiringThe more Im aware, the more I look around, the more I see the full implica tion of suffering (Open University, 201 AAA). Barker (2010) similarly argues that being in a state of mindful awareness is an appropriate foundation for action, and that letting go of craving and grasping lessens selfish behavior in relationships. The person-centered approach has attracted unfavorable judgment for supposedly being theory-thin (Cashmere, 201 1). However, as has been shown, it is rooted in humanism, existentialism and phenomenology, and was developed as a challenge to the authoritarian, dogmatic approaches that were prominent at the time.Carl Rogers is overpoweringly regarded as the most influential figure in the therapy field, even among practitioners of cognitive-behavioral therapy (Barber, 2007, cited in Ballasting Dykes, 201 0) regardless Of approach, most practitioners today recognize the importance of the relationship between therapist and client, as well as the need to create sense of equilibrium within this relationship rather than allowing the therapist to Edgar him or herself as the expert (Kowtow and Saffron, 2007).Pinker (2011) argues that the exploitation of value systems in the direction of humanism has been a momentous general historical trend. Person-centered counseling, which reveres the inherent worth and inalienable rights of the individual and disdains arbitrary authority in favor of a more egalitarian outlook, rose to expulsion as part of this trend. Pinker contends that, since the end of the Second World War, humanism has been the uncontroversial foundation of most Western peoples values so much so that it is easy to forget it is a theory.The historical significance of humanism in general, and Carl Rogers in particular, should not be discounted. However, since Rogers theories were developed in the sass, it seems timely to strain them and question whether they might be refined. Wood (2008) highlights some criticisms that have been made in recent years May (1982, cited in Wood, 2008) took Rogers to task for asseverate the sovereign freedom of the individual and then blaming society for the individuals woes.The person- centered approach, which takes an exceedingly positive view of human nature (all humans are engaged in a struggle towards self-actualization, and only deed Page 4 of 6 to be facilitated to achieve their potential), does not adequately address personal responsibility or the collective good. To value and revere an individuals needs preceding(prenominal) all else is to ignore, for example, ecological problems that result from people proportioning their own wants and needs.In my view, Rogers reverence of the therapeutic relationship is also problematic. To feel and communicate positive regard and empathic understanding to such an extent that the client feels transformed by it, may only be achieved in certain circumstances. Maureen Moore, a preconceived counselor, describes her allegations with a client who was feeling alienated from others as a result of being mixed-race Ive experien ced some of this myself, so in a sense I was able to be more empathic (Open University, Bibb).The success of the therapeutic relationship may at least partly depend on the therapists experiences and spirit compared to the clients, and while this criticism applies to all types of therapy, it is particularly pertinent in the example of an approach which venerates the relationship as the therapy, rather than any technique or process.It may be that the person-centered approach works best n cases where a profound understanding does develop (perhaps as a result of share experience between the therapist and the client) and/or where the client is new to the experience of being fully listened to and accepted. Overall, I feel more drawn to the mindfulness approach the person-centered idea of accepting the whole self has been refined and conveyed more clearly, without the need for jargon such as incongruence, there is less system of weights placed upon the therapeutic relationship and it a ddresses the wider context rather than focusing on the self.Additionally, mindfulness techniques have been hon. to have wide-ranging applications dialectical behavior therapy, for example, is a variant of CB which focuses on patients cognitive styles while simultaneously teaching mindfulness strategies for management of their mental states, and which evidence suggests is effective for patients with borderline personality disorder. Mindfulness as part of a structured approach may be Of particular benefit to people with chaotic inner lives (Roth and F-Nagy, 2005).

Two Sides of Imperialism

Imperialism in the 19th and twentieth centuries began crumbling at its foundations. Small enclaves of ethnic and nationalist groups sprouted throughout their indigene countryside, binding their people together to rise against their enemies and oppressors. The thought of independence from the conflicting rulers, from the class transcription they set up, and from the atrocities they committed to gain control of the shore was more than enough to motivate the fellow countrymen to take action. The contraryers, however, stood confused, wondering how much(prenominal) a great colony move into such a capacious conflict.The seeds of oppression and cruelty were sown year after year, and finally pall fruit. What these foreigners didnt consider, however, was that thither ar some ways of creating an empire. The roman type conglomerates standard of conglomeration is a better method of imperialism than the exploitatory approach employed by 19th century nations. The papistical puddin g stone neer fell by a transformation from its own people. Rather, numerous of its subjects lived life as either full-time or part-time citizens of the empire. numerous of the conquered people were granted some semblance of citizenship, as provincials.The Empire, however, did provide the newly-conquered the probability to become a citizen, provided they meet certain qualifications or expectations. In the development of roman print affairs, it is found that, the Roman g all overnment worked to maximize the number of persons to whom Roman ius civile, the law of Roman citizens, applied Beginning with the reign of the emperor Augustus (27 B. C. E. -14 C. E. ), institutionalised practices permitted provincials to become citizens, generally by serving either in the Roman army or on a city council.While the Roman Empire continued its oppressive conquest of Europe, it continually sought to fall in conquered lands and their people a part of Roman life and economy. By providing the conquered a demote to someday become a Roman citizen, there was subatomic incentive to rebel and revolt against the Empire. The Western stance on imperialism, however, was ground off of an ideology much more different than the Romans. The general consensus many European countries shared was that Europeans were, racially speaking, superior to any other race, and as such, were predetermined to rule the rest of the world.One such instance is given in a speech given by Jules Ferry at the french Chamber of Deputies in 1883. At one point, Ferry states that in effect, superior races have rights over inferior races. When questioned about the rights of man, he apace replies that, if the declaration of the rights of man was written for the blacks of equatorial Africa, the by what right do you impose regular commerce upon them? They have non called upon you. While the French were, like the Romans, interested in expanding, the justification by which they use black market themselves ont o other lands are not the aforementioned(prenominal).Ferry is of the opinion that because the French are a superior race, they should embark on a conquest over inferior races and makes them work for the benefit of the French Empire, without any of the same rights as a French citizen. The difference is that while the Romans implemented a system to someday incorporate their newly-conquered people, the French were only planning on exploiting their perseverance and commerce without ever extending to the people the same rights the French enjoyed.This exclusion did not go unnoticed among the French colonies, and would be a foundation for revolution in the coming years. But what about in colonies where there existed such a small opportunity for advancement? In colonies like India, there were chances for an Indian to learn like scholars, and as a result of such education, could communicate effectively with their ruling British counterparts. In fact, many of the Indians who had such educat ion could see the flaws the colony had to address, and hoped to work with the British on pickle such problems.William Duiker writes that members of the (Indian National Congress) did not demand immediate independence and recognised the need for reforms at the same time, they called for an Indian share of the governing functioning and more spending on economic development The British however, settle down shared the same Western notion of racial superiority as the French, and as a result, remained convinced that British rule over India is even-tempered the best thing. Duiker states that the British responded with a few concessions simply in general, swop was glacially slow3.Great Britain remained focused on keeping Indias resources, and giving Indians the same rights as British citizens was never part of the plan. baulk grew over the imbalance of government, and the same people who were educated by the British were now starting to realize that there lay no upcoming in pledging true-bluety to British rule. One such man, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, spoke openly against Great Britain at the Indian National Congress in 1907. kiss of peace Britannica has been established in this country in order that a foreign government may exploit this countryWe believed in the benevolent intentions of the government, but in politics there is no benevolence. Benevolence is used to glass over the declarations of self-interest and we were in those days deceived by the apparent benevolent intentions nether which rampant self-interest was concealed Great Britains biggest concern was for itself and its interests, and never intended to follow through on any plans benevolent to the Indian people. Even after being provided with an education, Indians still would never attain the same level of citizenship and respect that Britons night receive.The British Empire never grow into India to make Indians a part of Great Britain its textiles, teas, and labor were more than enough. With the chan ce to become fellow British citizens practically non-existent, many Indians soon turned to rebellion, boycotts, and a push for independence. Without the opportunity to ascend into British society, the Indians were left with no choice but to stay as loyal subjects of the British Crown, or call for independence.To conclude, the Roman Empire, while it may not have survived the discharge of time, used a method by which it kept its subjects content. The path for upward(a) mobility in society was available to those who wanted it. The 19th century imperialist countries, however, such as France and England, felt that it was only necessary to implement masher force and harsh laws to get the same output from their subjects in outdistance colonies. Were it not for that sense of superiority, we might all still be loyal subjects of European nations.

Critique and Analysis of Baumann’s Article

Within this evaluation, a critical reflection will be made based on the causes of libations and to what extent the social effects of world(prenominal)isation provoke moral outcry, based on Bandsmans 2001 Ann-Globs article. From which, Bandsmans key points will be analyses and critiqued. The term sphericalization applies to a set of processes that appear to transform our redeem social condition of conventional nationality into one of globosity and reliability (Stager, 2013).Within the thinking of reliability, the revolution in consumer tastes and unabated construction of global electronic highways, all(prenominal) Increase the inter-dependence and Inter-connections of action economies across the globe (Dole &038 Lowe, 2005, p. 4). Guldens 1 990 agrees and goes on to secernate that globalization is the Intensification of world wide social relations, which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events slip awayring many miles away and vice ver sa (p. 64).These links butt relate to the ideas of increase mobility (Robins, 2000) or flows (Beck, 2000) across national borders, of products, services, Information, communication, people and ideas (Parsons and Macmillan, 2009). Whilst Levity (1983) adds to this by claiming that due to these links. globalization Is characterized by the standardization of product or services across all markets, leaving some regions developing this standardization more rapidly than others, whilst to a fault being the most cost effective mode of competing in these global markets.As these markets become more standardized, an increase in competitive pressure and the collect to survive in the economy becomes much more apparent. Therefore it could be said that globalization is about shifting forms of unman contact, this affirmation then implies three assertions first, that we are slowly leaving behind the condition of advance(a) nationality that gradually unfolded from the 18th century onwards second, that we are moving towards the juvenile condition of postmodern globosity and, third, that we have not however reached it.Globalization wherefore suggests a notion of development and unfolding (Stager, 2013). Such unfolding may occur quickly or slowly, but it always corresponds to the idea of change, and therefore, denotes transformation. Globalization can also be thought of s the emergence of competitive yet worldwide Interconnectedness, by the ways of flow and exchange of capital, labor and engine room throughout global borders. From this, drivers of globalization appear.Drivers such as the advances in technology, the removal of political and economic barriers and the free movement of capital allow global markets to progress. Therefore, allowing such markets to become more diverse. Consequently meaning that people right away have greater access to capital, technology and have less repressive political and economic barriers. For example, due information can be created becau se of the forward-looking use of resources that are used to endorse new products and ideas across borders, irrespective of geographic location.

Summary and Response to What Shamu

She tries he usual ways to change him, such(prenominal) as counseling and a lot of nagging, but she soon resigns herself to the item that these tactics are not going to work. While on a trip to California to research a school for exotic wildcat trainers, Sutherland studied the techniques students were using, such as approximation rewarding the small step toward learning a whole new behavior, least reinforcing syndrome not responding in any way to bad behavior, and incompatible behaviors a behavior that makes the hateful behavior impossible. Soon she realized that these same quenches may very sound work on her husband.After years of secretly training her husband with these techniques, she is cheery to tell readers that his behavior and their marriage are both much improved. I have a go at ited reading Sutherland essay for the humor she uses in her writing. I particularly enjoy the way she refers to her husband as the American husband and my animal, as if he is some other specie s in need of training in order to make a good pet. I must give up that even though I found the humor in this read, I found the whole idea of training your husband as you chintzy an animal to be complete nonsense. Did she write this piece as a joke? Retainer hope so, because if she meant for it to be serious and she actually well-tried this training on her husband, she has entirely too much time on her hands. Sutherland says l began thanking Scott if he threw one dirty shirt into the hamper. If he threw in two, Id kiss him. Meanwhile, I would Step oer any soiled clothe on the floor without one sharp word, though did sometimes discontinue them under the bed. But as he basked in my appreciation, the piles became little (251 I have a suggestion for you Mrs.. Sutherland, how bout you just ask, or tell if you have to, your husband to pick up his vestments.If he lighten doesnt honor your wishes, throw his clothes away each time you invent them on the floor. This type obtaining usu ally works well. Call it the toss clothes method. No need for approximations here. If you would like to cook dinner without him hovering over you, how about you just tell him so. If this doesnt work, stop cooking him dinner. Would bet he figures out real quick that he shouldnt hover over you any more(prenominal). This is referred to as the no din-din technique. Who needs incompatible behaviors anyway? One more IP for you Mrs..

My Father Birthday

My take birthday Its my habit to revise my prep every morning. This was became my grandmother used to wake me up since I was in primary school. This had helped me a parcel in improving my school run and I wanted to keep it up and score good outlet in my spm Yesterday I also woke up early that not to revise my homework be constitute the day was my render birthday. We all discussion decided to open a party for my father, but we did not do how to prepare a surprise party as I had no experience in buying things in market and cook my father favourite food.So we decided to ask my neighbour Jun Hen familiar for helping. He is a kind heart person as he always help me when I need his for helping. When he knew I essential his helped to prepare party, he didnt refuse and agree to help immediately. I was very blessed because he also helped me to cook the dishes. We didnt top much time in the market because we needed a make out of time to prepare after my father came back from work . We cooked a lot of dishes such as sweet sour fish, fried chicken, curry, dessert and of cause a delicious cake. later cooking we also decorated my home, my unscathed family members helped me to hang balloons and ribbons Approximately 5pm we finish preparing and waiting my father back home.. My father would reach home at 6 pm sharp. before 6 pm we all hid behind the door to give him a macro surprise as he didnt know we were celebrating for his this special day. He was terrified when he entered the house, he could not believe that we still remembered his birthday and what he liked to eat. After enjoying the meal we had a karaoke session.We sang a lot of English song and my sister took a lot of photographs with my father. After that we played some games, my parents also joined in. I felt happy as I had never seen this such a long time. We consentaneous family members also sang the birthday song for my father and gave him a bombastic present that was a kiss, my father was touched then he cried. He felt happy. This was lovely day, my father was very happy as he didnt expect this would happen, he felt that we have expectant up and hopelly we can always celebrate this kind of occasions

Gender Segregation

Davis Anderson Sociology 3337 Prof. Korinek October 23, 2012 Group 7 Analysis of Revisiting the Glass escalator The Case of Gender Segregation in a Female dominated Occupation This critical examination and study, done by Karrie Ann Snyder and Adam Isaiah Green, dives into the information of a predominately wo custodys job, treat, to find out if men really yield a glass escalator when it comes to advancing up to top positions and dissects the design of naiant segregation.The glass escalator theory is one that assumes males in female person dominated professions ar pushed up the ladder to administrative and supervisory positions such(prenominal) easier and faster than women. Throughout the article, they explain the methods used to gather the entropy, both decimal and qualitative and provide a plethora of information such as level of education, employment setting, number of years worked, in the flesh(predicate) interviews etc. They alike break down the data and refute claim s that although widely believed, may be false. It is somewhat ironic that the topic of this weeks thought-piece paper is on the sexual segregation of nursing.Just about a week ago I was sitting in the orthodontists office and I looked over at the mental faculty photos on the wall. Dr. Pobanz was in the middle with about 10 ladies on to each one side of him. That made me go back and think, and I came to the realization that I have never seen a male besides the doctor functional in a dentist or orthodontist office. Although it is not exactly a nursing position, it is a like agate line and I would imagine has similar statistics concerning sex segregation. In my mind, it is just expected that most all accommodates argon female.It seems that back a few decades ago males were unheard of in the nursing field, but today they are becoming more common. It is interesting that this occupation is so stereotypical female that studies of this magnitude are conducted. So wherefore is it tha t nursing is so dominated by females? Well, nursing is associated with caring for others, world affectionate, and serving under someone of higher(prenominal) ranking. Males strikingness strong social pressure that steer them from entering occupations such as this as they do not want to be perceived as feminine or gay because of the nature of their job.Only 5. 5 percent of nurses in 2000 were men, a precise small minority. Many plenty think that of the few men that are in the nursing field, it is easier for them to move up to higher ranking positions. The face is that in administrative and supervisor positions women are just about as likely as men to hold those spots. The problem is that many people believe the societal stereotype that it is easier for men to gravitate toward the top positions, when in reality it is just about the same for both sexes.In the article, Carol Kleinman is pen when she says that men, relative to women, enjoy systematic advantages in the nursing indus try in terms of promotion and hiring (p273). The findings from this research suggest something very different than the assumptions of others. As shown in Table 3, men do not receive higher returns for education, nor is there a significant interaction between years as a nurse and sex. These results suggest that, contrary to the glass escalator hypothesis, men are not promoted earlier in their career to top positions. (p281) The data suggests that rather than there being a segregation of male and females vertically among the sectors of nursing, horizontal segregation is a lot more likely, meaning grouping of sexual activity in specialized areas is common. Certain areas seem to be made up of more of one gender than the other. For example, men are over represented in ICU, OR, and ER while women are over represented in outpatient, post anesthesia, labor/delivery, and general medical-surgical departments (p286).When interviewed about why they chose their specialization, men seemed awa re of the gender connotations of their job, while women rarely mentioned it as a factor. This is a leave cause of why segregation across different areas of work is much more prevalent than segregation through the administrative ranks. The name nurse often carries with it negative connotations in the eyes of males. It is inherently feminine in its perception and turn tails a large role in scaring men forward or causing them concern about what others think and leading them into positions that are thought of as more manly.Nursing is unique in the wide thread of specializations that it offers, and that may play a part as to why horizontal segregation is so widespread as opposed to vertical. Oftentimes males look to positions of prestige and in nursing those desires may be filled by working in masculine roles as opposed to higher-ranking positions that would typically validate success in other professions. From the data gathered and personal accounts reviewed, it seems that men chos e positions thought of as more masculine based principally on fulfilling the conceptions of gender identity.Financial interests and personal desires do have an effect, but it seems that viscid to the gender rules is the largest factor in determining the careers of practicing male nurses. The data in this study is vast and complex. It is hard to determine the sole contributor to the point of gender segregation in the nursing practices. So many factors play into every individuals decisions, but signs point overall to an adherence to gender norms and avowal for males that their occupation is not completely a womans job.

Canters Behavior Essay

Dylan is a five socio-economic class old boy that from the rattling fall out showed exuberant behavior oft throughout the classroom. Dylans watcher has well- documented his processs and she has asked the administrators of the naturalise for support, plus she has alike referred Dylan to suck up a behavioral evaluation. The instructor has spoken with Dylans p arnts on many occasions and they say his behavior was the same at home. Dylans p arnts likewise stated that his disruptive behavior was his course of seeking attention.During this m Dylans behavior is generally getting more and more disruptive and aggressive. With the instructors observation logs, Dylans is having a rough era playing along with other children and is having a difficult time avocation directions. Just approximately every(prenominal) day Dylan is hitting, yelling, or is taking things out from the other childrens hands to get the teacher to come everywhere and see what is wrong. Many of the childr en have made the decision to ignore him or to just move in another direction away from him.With his academic skills he is far more behind than the other students in class. Dylan has the intimacy to arrest the activities, but he is rarely in the mood to do so. Sometimes the issues begin when the teacher starts give everyone there appointee and is running(a) quietly, thats when Dylans behavior really goes through the roof, and when he is told what to do about his behavior. While the disruptive behavior mud the teachers patience with Dylan starts to run very thin and begins to call out to every un satisfying behavior that he shows.These actions start to have a prohibit influence on the attitudes of the remaining students. Most of students start to mimic Dylans actions while the others students are not finishing their work. This put up result in the teacher needing to sp rest a lot of time having to deal with Dylans behavior and not having enough time with to teach. Teachers hav e many avenues to teach students successfully and professionally take care of un agreeable behaviors. One footstep would be to use the Canters Behavior Management Cycle, into effect (Canters 2006).Canter has three steps number 1, effectively communicating explicit directions, second, employ behavior narration and third, taking corrective action. When starting to use Canters calendar method of birth control teachers allow need to take the time to use two very important methods at the start of the school year this is going to dish out minimize disruptive behaviors. One, creates lessons on appropriate behavior for particularized separate of the school day, activities, and transitions (Canters p. 31) and second creates a, Responsible Behavior Curriculum, for the first two weeks of the school year (Canters chap. ).This curriculum bequeath set the tone of the class for introducing what is acceptable with appropriate behaviors, and that they are expected to follow the rules from s tudents throughout the school day. Teachers should start with Canters behavioral cycle Dylans teacher call for to start with the first step. The first step will need to that the teacher to communicate clear, specific and detailed directions. The directions are creation leading(p) to Dylan and he is to follow them precise. When talent directions they need to be quite clear and on full stop at all costs.The teacher needs to always evade being ill-defined to the students, if they know what is expected of them they will follow. The teachers directions should contain simply how the students are to conduct themselves in the classroom. Explicit directions should include the, expectations for student vocal behavior, physical movement, and participation (Canters p. 53). The teacher needs to never make the mistakes of presumptuous what the students know, what the expectations of their behavior is, and the teacher should always recall the students on a periodic basis what is expected of them.The teacher has to have a firm storage area on effective communication while having detailed directions, she can pass off on to the next important step. This step involves using Behavioral tale (Chapter 9), which is how the teacher will collaterally motivate Dylan to follow directions. One way of achieving this is to give Dylan and the class as a whole effective positive feedback (Canters p. 58). When giving detailed directions, the teacher should look to notice which student deep down seconds of giving the directions to see who is really following the directions that were given.The teacher needs to point out who is sense of hearing to the directions and how the students are following the directions. At the moment when Dylan is being difficult the teacher does not need to focus on giving Dylan more attention, but try to focus on the students who are listening and making level-headed choices. When trying to change the unwanted behavior the teacher needs to try to use t he behavioral narration, which will allow the teacher to repeat the rules and define the acceptable behavior of students who are making good choices.This will show the students their teacher is mindful of the actions that are taking charge and is more than ready to fix any problems that may arise. When the teacher acknowledges the acceptable behaviors and recaps the directions it sets a wonderful start and a positive atmosphere in the room. The class will be regularly recalled on what is expected from their behavior, students are expected to follow the rules, students who were not able to receive or finish their assignment will have time to finish and catch up with the rest of the class.Students will be given a chance to have time to catch up when needing be. With this step it can go the particular mile by setting up an award-system in place. For example, when the directions are given the teacher notices Dylan is sitting where his seat is and he is working on the assignment that w as given to him, then the teacher would say to his friends, Look at Dylan he is sitting at his seat and is working on his assignment so nicely I am going to have to give Dylan his tautological class point that he earned in class.Ultimately this will inspire Dylan to have more acceptable behaviors and the other students to strive for the goals that are set up for the students to obtain. The last action of the cycle is corrective action taken (Chap. 10). When the direct instructions have been given out, looking to get hold the group for ten seconds, reports were made on students that are on the near track, and when Dylan is not following directions then you must use the corrective action. This is do by directive verbal statements or disciplinary consequences (Canters p. 9).The teacher needs to peacefully reaffirm the instructions and notify the students of their penalties and what their actions have caused. This can also let Dylan and the entire class knows and understands that yo u are very serious about bringing an end to unacceptable behavior. Students need to know, understand, and be aware of the do for disrupting the class and just making unacceptable choices. When the unacceptable behavior remains untouched the procedure needs to be shadowed with the corresponding reaction. each time a student shows a disruptive behavior it should be dealt with immediately and that the penalties produced is entirely from the students actions. In order for students to record the rules must be enforced. Students have to have structure so they can flourish, they need to know what is expected of them on day one. Once a child knows that they cannot get away with disruptive behavior they will tend to not want to misbehave. If there is a reward system they will definitely want to have a reward at the end of the day or week. Consistency is the key to keeping students where they need to be in order to have peace in the room.

Character Analysis of Thomas Gradrind in the Hard Times Essay

doubting Thomas Gradrind is the depression character presented in the book strenuous Times by Charles Dickens. He is cardinal of the underlying figures through whom the author weaves a web of intricately connected characters and plotlines. The master(prenominal) central features of his character be his monotone attitude and appearance that is mechanized. Mr. Gradrinds opening speech to a group of young students during the opening blastoff embodies his dryness and the hard fact that he impounds in his students heads.            Gradrind is best described physically as an obstinate carriage, neat coat, square legs, square shoulders by the narrator, which is suggestive of Gradrinds unrelenting rigidity (Dickens, 2001, p.47). During the first few chapters, Gradrind expounds his ism of calculating his rational self interest. He believes that pitying nature crowd out be governed by complete rational rules. He is also restore to weigh and measure any parcel of humans nature and be able to tell what it comes to. He animateds by a joyless, pure memorization address to statement and carriage.  In the refreshed, his dull fire regarding education is sh stimulateNow, what I want is, Facts. Teach these boys and girls nada but Facts. Facts completely      are wanted in animateness. Plant nothing else, and root fall out ever soything else. You can only form the minds of occasioning animals upon Facts nothing else will ever be of any service to        them. This is the principle on which I add together up my own children, and this is the   principle on which I bring up these children.  Stick to Facts, sir (Dickens, 2001 p.47)By this philosophy, he was able to triumph financially and socially. level off his agency of living as a hardware merchant is an hint of his fixation on hard material truth. He also became a member of the Parliament and this position allowed him to indulge his interest tabulating data around people from England. Though he is not a factory owner, he evinces the spirit of Industrial Revolution as he treats people inter transformable a machine that can be reduced to a frame of principles of science.            Although it seems that the narrators description of Gradrind seems depressing, the latter also undergoes significant transplant in the novel which later catches the narrators sympathy. This is when Louisa confessed to Gadrind that something really grievous is missing in her life and that she is unhappy about marrying Bounderby. This makes Gradrind realize that the education system that he has is not perfect.This is also proven when he well-read that Tom, his son, robbed the bank of Bounderby. After Gradrind realizes his failures, he admits to himself that he is really sorry for relying in any case much on facts. The dilemmas of his children make him feel and learn love, compassion and sorrow. He later becomes a humble man and making his facts and figures in greater connection with the virtues of faith, hope and charity.            Throughout the book, Thomas Gradrind was a man who clings to facts and statistical objects as the only truth. He believes that these are the in-chief(postnominal) things that should be dealt with in order to achieve a healthy productive life. This makes him somewhat closed-minded since he solely sticks to his own vision of truth about life. He can be quoted as a perfectionist who strives to make his children perfect and brocaded them with perfection. Ironically, his children cannot absorb all that he was feeding.            Thomas Gradrind lives in a reality where he al sorts depends on meanings and reckonings. This trait of his was shown in his dialogues such as thisHerein lay the spring of the mechanical art and myste ry of educating the reason without stooping to the cultivation of the sentiments and affections. Never wonder.  By means of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, settle everything someways and never wonder (Dickens, 2001 p.89)This implies that he has a scientific and mathematical approach to life.            After being a prominent citizen of Coketown he later becomes one of the Parliament members. This gives him a chance to implement a one-sided matter-of-fact philosophy on local schools. He is often viewed as rationalist, egoistical and cold. In raising and teaching children like Louisa, Tom, Jane, Adam, and Malthus, he sees to it that they are as practical. They are also always forbidden to nurture emotions and fill their minds with imaginations. He also views love and forbearance as a means of adjust facts and figures. Not until Louisa runs to him in full distress of the impending misfortune when she marries Boun derby that he realizes the limitations of his philosophical notions about hard facts.Despite his stubbornness and fixation on logic, Gradrind is a great father to his children. He raised his kids well because he always wanted the best for them. He does things which he thinks will attain their individuality. Thus, after hearing Louisas troubles, he makes it a point to change himself and support her in her agony. For his children, he learned to repent for his wrongdoing and became ready to change his ways that caused his childrens unhappiness.            The main conviction of Gradrind in the floor is his utilitarian point of view regarding facts and figures. Being a man of facts and figures, utilitarianism is manifested in his view of every individual. Rather than see people as a unique person, he develops a gen epochl view of people, which focuses on their productiveness and usefulness in the society as a whole. He feels that everything in life can be measured through universal calculation and tabulations. Everything can be computed, from interior designing to marriage.            Further analysis of Gradrinds character suggests that he also mirrors the way people think during the era of industrialization. Charles Dickens wanted to explain to his readers the ideals and disadvantages of industrialization. Thomas Gradrind is an embodiment of how an individual embraces the beliefs and practices of industrialization. The way factory owners think during the time of industrialization is shown in the character of Gradrind. They are only after the monetary gain rather than the individual expense of the workers.  Dickens created an enduring tale that reflects the issues of an era filled with historical transformation.            The philosophy of utilitarianism and its connection to industrialization is given enough meaning through Thomas Gradrinds character. After practicing the fact philosophy, his daughter Louisa made him realize that something is more important than the lessons of facts and figures. Before the novel ends, she ends up confessing to her father that there seems to be nothing here but languid and monotonous smoke (Dickens, 2001, p.78). She complains how mechanized the way her father raised her that brought her such misery.            It is in the near end of the novel that Gradrind realizes and sees his errors. He feels sorry for the way his children suffered his ideological principle. For the first time he did not dwell on facts and figures and humbly felt sorry for what he did, Dickens used Gradrind to tell readers how to understand that there is more to life than facts and figures. He wanted to use Gradrinds character to show that everyone can change even the industrialized society during that time.Thomas Gradrind can be viewed by readers as chara cter of change. He changed his philosophical ideals in moorage of something more importanthis familys happiness. Each individual has his or her own set of principles. Although it is worth sharing with some others, it should not be shared to the finish of imposing it to others to follow. It should also not be used to manipulate other people. Gradrind can be an eye opener for many people who live under the influence of abusive power and authority. Louisas case made a turning point on her fathers life and paved the way for a better life for his children.Work CitedDickens, Charles. Hard Times. Norton Critical Edition 3rd Ed. 2001.

Spreadsheet and Monthly Worksheets

NEW PERSPECTIVES EXCEL 2010 TUTORIAL 6 ASSIGNMENT overwinter CREEK APARTMENTS PROJECT OVERVIEW W inter Creek Apartments manages large flat tire Gordianes in four cities in the Midwest Kansas City, Des Moines, Omaha, and St. Louis. At the unified level, Gordon Rockwell uses Excel to summarize periodic alimony expenses submitted by each involved manager. He asks you to total the maintenance costs of each apartment complex for each month, and then format each work tacking. Gordon also needs you to bestow another worksheet to calculate summary costs for each city and maintenance category.STUDENT START FILE Download Excel_T6_Data_File. xlsx from Moodle. Instructions 1. Open the file Excel_T6_Data_File. xlsx and lay aside the file as T6_LastName_FirstName. xlsx before you move to the next step. Enter your image in cell B4 of the Documentation sheet. 2. Group the three monthly worksheets. For each month, calculate the maintenance category totals in the execute B9F9 and calculate the apartment complex totals in the range G5G8. In cell G9, enter a grand total that adds up the amounts in range G5G8. 3.Improve the look of the monthly worksheets by formatting the ranges A4G4 and A8G8 to have a bottom border. Format the range B5G9 to Accounting Number Format, and then Decrease Decimal so no decimal places are shown. Ungroup the worksheets. 4. Make a copy of one of the quarterly worksheets, rename the new worksheet as Summary, and then position the Summary sheet between the Documentation and Jan worksheets. 5. In the Summary worksheet, in the range B5F8, efface the existing values and insert formulas that add the sales in the tally cells of the three monthly worksheets.Use 3-D references in the formulas. (Hint Reapply the bottom border to cells B8G8 if needed. ) 6. even out up the Summary and three monthly worksheets for printing. Each worksheet should a) be revolve about horizontally, b) fit on one page, c) display the name of the worksheet centered in the header, d) and contain a custom footer that displays Winter Creek Apartments and the witness on separate lines in the right section of the footer. Save your changes, well-nigh the workbooks and exit Excel. Submit your completed assignment on Moodle. 1

Comparative Study Between Ulysess and My Last Duchess Essay

Have a little read Comparing Ulysses by Lord Tennyson and My Last Duchess by Robert toasting. Ulysses was create verbally by Lord Tennyson and is a verse form about a mythical Greek example and is a salient soliloquy. Another rime that is a dramatic monologue is My Last Duchess, by Robert Browning. Both metrical compositions ar similar, for example they are both structured similarly, and are both different, one and only(a) difference being their exit. In this essay I will differentiate the two poems, focusing on form, and how spoken language helps to build up subject matter.Ulysses is a Greek mythical character, and was famous for being a pirate, plunder villages and being a warrior. In Greek literature, Ulysses just seemed to disappear after(prenominal) he got home, and Tennyson decided to write about Ulysses and his thoughts after retiring from fighting. The poem is written in verse, and seems to be either a dramatic monologue or monologue interior. It is hard to know which one, as a dramatic monologue must have a listener (other than the audience. Ulysses is public lecture to someone, his stone-dead soldiers, but as they are deceased it is difficult to decide if they imagine as a listener to the poem.My Last Duchess by Robert Browning was written in the same era as Ulysses and is written in Verse. This poem is different to Ulysses as this poem is about a fictional character which is created by Browning. This is a Dramatic Monologue, as the duke (the character created by Browning) is talking to the servant of the father of a possible bride. To create the effect of speech, Browning uses Iambic Pentameter, which helps to imitate the rhythm of conversational speech, and enjambment frequently.The use of language to present the subject matter is important for both poets. In Ulysses, the poet builds up a picture of the characters in natural action by using words much(prenominal) as still, dull and pause. These adjectives create an understanding of what sprightliness is like for Ulysses, and this is then contrasted with words of his past such as roaming, doughnut and windy. These words create a contrast between the activeness of the past, and the stillness of the present. This helps the reader imagine what life was like for the character when he was young.

Does Source B support the evidence of Source C about the Suffrage campaign?

During the early 20th century, Womens battle for equality r from distributively ied its really peak as their bleed to be granted voting became however more passionate and frantic, as. It was around this cadence that the first real changes started occur and as with any revolutionary crusade, there was a large worry of controversy contact it. It therefore comes as no keen surprise that an immense amount of media was produce concerning the subject. This was created by wad on few(prenominal) sides of the black market, and so there is a very wide range of the opinions voiced through with(predicate) forms of books, newspaper articles, speeches and in fateicular propaganda posters. some(prenominal)(prenominal) these sources depict an extremely disdainful enamour towards womens suffrage, however to what extent they nominate each other in the rest of their views is kinda debat open and needs to be considered to a further degree. Although these two sources were written for solo antithetical purposes, they surprisingly sh be one of their common principles, sending out an close identical message on the actions of Suffragettes. both authors pure tone that they were behaving in a maniac(predicate) manner which was totally unacceptable, and one which would plainly be utilise by the near preposterous lunatics. writer C depicts a suffragette protesting maniacally, in a very turned on(p) posture with greatly exaggerated and hoydenish actions. The viewer outright aromas contempt towards her, beholding her as nonhing but a nuisance. This feeling is then enhanced by the nock underneath- The Shrieking Sister. This is implying that the suffragette is very mentally unstable, to the extent of hysteria. Also, by Sister it is associating her into an organization, as part of a brethren which we atomic number 18 led to bank atomic number 18 all alike(p) this.This immediately lowers all suffragette campaigners, fashioning their ca design worthle ss. stemma B is portraying a very similar feeling, labeling the protests as a continuant cry. The word shrill here implies how they are hysterical, irrational and desperate. Its purpose, similar to that of mention Cs is to get out them and point out how ridiculous their actions are. some other style in which the two sources are linked/similar is in the bureau they dehumanize women suffrage campaigners. pedigree B does this barely by the title of the book- Women or Suffragette.This suggests that a fair sex could only be one or the other, and that should they be a suffragette they are allow go of an femininity. Even by ripe reading the title of the book, the public feel forced into make a finale between the two sides- between cosmos a respected, charming woman or creation an indistinguishable/undefinable monstrosity. reference C uses similar tactical manoeuvre in putting this point across, using the label and the drawing of the Suffragette behaving in an animalistic way to highlight the beastiality and violence of the woman.Text is used to great advantage by both Corelli and Partridge to make their views noticed, and both use fonting techniques to capture the readers attention, Partridge using a larger, bolder, more noticeable font and Corelli plainly putting it in italics to stress the vastness of that view. This results in the viewer being able to interpret their main points even at a glance, which increases the liklihood of success of their work. (Success being that people begin to reflect on the office staff through the view of the authors).Whilst the Sources may support each other in their essential reasons, they differ rather a cow dung in the rest of their views. One of the biggest slipway in which their opinions vary is on the unit of measurement suffrage campaign. Source B is quite understandably against the whole cause, as Corelli does not differentiate between Suffragists and Suffragattes whilst she is slandering female campa igners, and only generalizes them together. On the other hand, Source C makes it clear that they lay down no issues some(prenominal) with Suffragists.In the portrait, the Suffragists is represented as calm, fledged and is standing very upright and sensibly. She is making no radical actions, and appears to be heavy critizing the actions of the Suffragette. In the caption, she is even labelled as the Sensible Woman. This implies that Partridge is by no means against the cause, and that if campaigners be hasten in bewitch and sensible manners then he is dead happy to listen to their cause, and that he is merely refusing to tolerate the violence of Suffragettes.However, this view is not very all the way shown by the poster, and it left(a) to the viewer to interpret it themselves. In general, Source C is only commenting on the tactics used in the campaign, not the abstract thought behind the campaign. Source B is on the whole different to this, and it is full of critism of Wo men for demanding suffrage. Corelli clams that Women were and are destined to make voters rather than to be voters themselves. By the comment, she is stating that she feels that the situation is never vent to change, and that women should beneficial stay in the private Sphere where they are expected to be.She feels that women are not capable of voting, and that the in rightful(prenominal)ices they suffer should be stopped through other means. Corelli suggests that the deprivation of equality it womens own fault, saying that it is a result of the way in which mothers have reared their sons. This is saying that if Women want to change the way in which they are treated in society, they must do it by broad their sons, the generation which will shape the early as they become adults, a more morally intact view of women.Whereas contrary to this belief of it being due to womens own mistakes that society is so obvlivious to their rights, Source C suggests that it is due to Suffragettes that the campaign is still failing, as is exampled by the Suffragists commenting that Suffragettes were the causes bastinado enemy. In conclusion, I feel that Source B does support a great deal of the evidence in Source C- that about the campaigning techniques of Suffragettes however it empennage vary a great deal in other views and in some ways they even contradict each other, such as with the opinion of who was to nibble for the great sexism of the time.In general, I feel that although the views of the two sources are in places identical, this is just a coincidence, as they are for different reasons. This is almost likely due to the fact that the original media had different purposes. Source B was from a book which was very clearly anti-womens suffrage. Anyone who would be reading the book would clearly already be leaning towards these views, and Corelli was simply trying to persuade them more, or package her opinions with them.Partridge was using his poster to supplicant to Suffragettes, and to the public, to try and make them realize that violent, martial campaigning was not helping the cause, and making the whole thing seem just rants of hysterical, moronic women. By acting like animals with shrieking and shrill cries, they bring a deleterious reputation to all women, and simply fertilize support to the claims that women were emotionally weak. The one thing which they most storngly support each other in is in blaming Suffragettes for the level of disfain the public have towards Womens Suffrage, and it is this solely which links the too.

Comparing The Lottery and Hills Like White Elephants

The Lottery write by Shirley Jackson is a fiction found off of its crest of pot, the theme would non be told or understood in the same(p) way if it was indite in a polar dapple of overtake. This account keeps the interest of its readers because it has a blot of legal opinion where only the people in the indite report hunch over whats departure to happen and live more(prenominal) knowledge than the readers do. If this myth was indite in runner mortal the readers would greet what the lottery was from the beginning of the story and that would suffice the story non consider the surprisal terminus that confuses the hearing.Hills Like gaberdine Elephants written by Ernest Hemingway is also written in tercet soulfulness maneuver of depend. This story is written in a unlike way then The Lottery is written because in The Lottery everyone knows whats going on besides the audition, and in Hills Like White Elephants only the two main characters know what is go ing on and what the main parley contains. A nonher main take issueence in these two stories is that Jackson tricks her consultation and Hemingway never even demonstrated the reason for the appointment in the story.Although both(prenominal) stories atomic number 18 cogitate by using the same point of view they ar completely contrasting with the plot and the amount of information they with rule from their consultation. Both authors use third soul in their own ways and it makes assorted further related results to the death of the stories. One of the nucleuss that be several(predicate) in distributively story are the amount of people who know whats going on and what the dispute is. Also, the ending of each story, there is a main effect on the point of view factor. Hemingway does not resolve the conflict that the characters in the story know but the interview does not know. Jackson on the other get through with(predicate) reveals to his audience the conflict and the information he has been with holding from the beginning of the story.The point of view in the stories has a dramatic effect on how they are interpreted from the audience, and what information is known by the audience in any point of the story. If either of these stories were written in first person point of view the entire plot and conflict of the story would change and the audience would feel a different offlook on the overall story. In The Lottery, if the audience would have known it was a contradict lottery it would have changed the effect the ending had on the audience. However, Hills Like White Elephants, would have more of an effect on the audience if it was written in first person point of view. This way the audience would be able to know the main conflict the couple is arguing around throughout the entire story, but the conclusion of the story would change the effect on the readers.Although both stories are wrote in the same point of view, each author interrupts thei r own face-to-face effects to the stories in which they wrote. Jackson gos her audience clues and hints about the ending, such as the boys stilt rocks in the corner of the room, that could be the first signs that the lottery was not what the audience judge it to be. Hemingway however does not take the same approach that Jackson did and did not upset his readers clues in the developed text about the information that is being with held from them.The titles of these two stories differ as well, The Lottery is a prefatory title for the overall story plot, but Hills Like White Elephants is a more complicated title that does not give a general over view of the story. The title is supposed to indicate pregnant information about the story, and Hemingway took the third person point of view in the actual text and keep the conflict from his audience but he gave his audience approximately information in the title. When he use this phrase as his title, he undetermined his readers mind t o interpret many different ideas and conclusions about this conflict in which they are with held from knowing.The Lottery and Hills Like White Elephants are both written in third person but Jackson and Hemingway took this point of view and put their own personal effects into it. Jackson includes clues through out the text that about the actual lottery. Hemingway interprets his clues to the audience through the title of the story. These two stories are similar in the point of view but they differ in how the authors use what the audience should and should not know through clues in the text and title.

Bilingual Education: Critique Essay

harmonize to nipping (1998), when bilingualistististist or bilateral commandment is implemented in private schools the results be very encouraging. Students of undefiledly ages benefit from such approach producing at times amazing results. When, however, the bilingual pedagogics is implemented in public schools for lingo- baby birdity, the results live on controversial if non questionable. To meet such a disparity, a lot of studies consider been conducted during the last both decades.One of this studies that Brisk described was d peerless by UNESCO much than 40 years ago cereb browse that when nipperren were taught in their second (or pocket-sized) diction they undergo difficulties in their education. From their report, star could see intelligibly that researchers at this organization favored the fuck off tongue declaring that shaverren get better education when teachers teach them using it. Logic totallyy, the delivery is the forte to transit knowledge. If the in accedent vocabulary was and is talk at home, the study heathen elements atomic number 18 organism transited to the infantren of the family.words encapsulates the concepts that lyric carries and that are convey on to the young child as he or she absorbs the coating within the micro- refinement. Before the child goes to school, many an separate(prenominal) concepts absorbed through the primaeval language are already a bust of his or her cognitive suppuration. Even much so, the elements of temperament have also been transmitted through the autochthonic language and appease being reinforced if and when the parents speak the native language at home.When that child goes to school, he or she pure tones conterminously confused for that personality core can non be expressed nor reinforced by the controlling language that the child hears in school for the duration of the entire day. The transition from the native language into the concepts learnt with the do minant language is come abouting very bleak and never in its entirety sledding some confusion and unclear definitions. That overleap of clarity prohibits the child from asking questions (especially if that child is much than shy by nature) and that hint of confusion grows into frustration.Shannon Fitts (2006) examined how bilingual instruction incites the students education and how parallel monolingualism afford the students to explore linguistic forms and their attendant social meanings. It appears that her initial perspective of the parallel monolingualism implies that the children artificially separate two languages to absorb the instructional input. Indeed, there are intangible ideas vex in the native language that cannot be expressed in the dominant one. Thus, the lingo- minority students can be well taken advantage of by other students or even by teachers. passim the Fitts musical theme there is a surecape of an idea that precept in bilingualism is below the b elt and unfair to those whose dominant language is not native. She justifies this view by trying to conceptualize her opinion of conceptualizing native languages and thus backwash a language as an insulate medium of knowledge transference. She referred to other researchers when dictum that Latino students do not looking cherished while being present in the classroom of the dominant culture and therefore find it difficult to sanctify to their own education.She should not isolate Hispanic students from those of other heathenish backgrounds. I do not believe that anything has to do with being or not being hold deard as a person it has every(prenominal)thing to do with misconstruing definitions, half-understood remarks, not-natively implied body language, and other cultural elements. looking at bilingual classroom from the equipment casualty perspective impart warp the legal opinion about the students social make up and cultural inclusion.Han Chung (2006) expressed a per emptory approach in the make-up bolt describing the code-switching strategy in addressing the needs of bilingual Korean students. The researchers position was that of nonchalant opinion with non-sided estimation. This researcher started the paper with the acknowledgement that multilingualism is the style that many large number live with (i. e. Europe) and the transference between languages ploughs to a greater extent(prenominal) than cursory. She mentioned several secondary sources that conform the point that many children grow up consultation two or even more languages at home and in the immediate environment.With the people becoming more mobile, more and more children are forced into multilingualism however, it is not necessarily contributing to their best rate of development. Her logical discussion brings the readers into the common for the government issue questions, like How the children acquire the second language? or Being able to perish in two languages, do they well-heeled some most-valuable characteristics of the personality development transferred in to them by the first and native language? or What does happen to the cultural identity? Her further discourse discusses the multiculturalism as the medium of the complex communicative demands of a pluralistic ships company (the secondary source). Her source point that the society is pluralistic (not monolistic with domineering language) brings a totally new concept into bilingualism of its citizenship that every resident living in that society has match rights and equal access to the major language used in that society. The ideal within the Fitts work (2006) was different.I comprehend that she was referring to Hispanic students as those who must aline to the major culture and language. Multilinguistic approach versus that of monolistic should become prevalent before we accept the circumstance that the right to major or minor languages within the same society should be provided to a ny citizen. Even that is not enough. Language minority students should feel that their native language and ethnic belonging are legitimate and respected within the dominant culture.They should not feel excluded just because they have an parlance or they do not understand all the nuances of the dominant language. They whitethorn feel that their language is not as important as the dominant language at their school. At some sites where there are no bilingual syllabuss, the wildness is not on the maintenance of the students primeval language. Instead, the goal is to transition the students as soon as possible into all dominant language classes. The implication here is uni-sided your culture and language are slight important than ours.Certainly, such implication will be indirect but hitherto felt by the affected minority groups. The use of the students indigenous language therefore takes a backseat, as the main language emphasized at the site is the dominant one. The maintenance of his/her language is not the main priority of such a school. Despite the controversy (Rothstein, 1998), it is assumption that at schools where there are bipartisan bilingual immersion programs, the target language, which may be the primary language of the minority student, does not take a backseat at the site.It is considered just as important as the dominant language and treated equally. The equal treatment can become tricky, and this is where the instructors achievement and special training are needed. distant in transitional bilingual programs where the primary language is only emphasized in core subject classes until the student is transitioned into the dominant only curriculum the equal bilingual program treats each subject return as knowledge with ought much emphasis with what language the students will acquire it.Rothsteins work clearly points out at this controversy and is addressed to both variant of readers pro-bilingualism and those who do not see the value behin d it. He pointed out that the minor and the dominant languages should be used equally and by the language majority students as well as by the teaching staff as a uncorrupted tool to deliver instructional input. According to some researchers in the world of bilingual education (Commins & adenylic acid Miramontes, 2006), equal bilingual programs may abet students in the area of self-importance-esteem, which may have an effect in the area of academic achievement.In that, Commins and Miramontes argued that students self esteem could be studied in restrictedly for it can be a dependent variable to the type of education program (bilingual or monolingual) the site will employ. such(prenominal) a perspective always refreshes for it is evident that the researchers do not take sides or become shifted into any opinion. In other work, Dominguez De Ramirez, and Shapiro (2006) suggested that programs such as two-way bilingual immersion programs contain ingredients that may help the language minority students raise their levels of self-esteem, and academic achievement.These researchers, as well, focused their attention at the formation of students personality and the program factors affect on it. These particular researchers attitudes appeared to be shifted in favor of Hispanic population for they specifically discuss such without any reference to any other ethnic groups. With such researchers, I would like to see more comprehensive approach discussing other ethnic groups and ethnic situations so abundantly present in the USA and especially in European Union. The situation is not and should not appear to be unique to one ethnic group in one country.Many in multiple geographical locations around the Globe experience it. Further, it would not be presumptions of me to notice that such situations happen very often with the ethnic writers writing about the population that belong to their ethnicity group. in particular these writers should be more concerned of the wider-co mprehensive air of their work. Such critique is no way to limit their effectiveness as cold as their writing skills are concerned but rather their point ness within the topic(s) they choose. References Brisk, M. E. (1998). bilingualist Education From Compensatory to fictional character Schooling. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Commins, N. L. , & international ampere Miramontes, O. B. (2006). Addressing Linguistic Diversity from t he Outset. Journal of Teacher Education, 57(3), 240+. Retrieved June 4, 2007, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5014939910 De Ramirez, R. D. , & Shapiro, E. S. (2006). Curriculum-Based Measurement and the Evaluation of Reading Skills of communicative English Language Learners in bilingual Education Classrooms. School Psychology Review, 35(3), 356+.Retrieved June 4, 2007, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5017755652 Fitts, S. (Summer, 2006). Reconstructing the emplacement Quo Linguistic Intera ction in a Dual-Language School. multilingual Research Journal, 29 2 Han Chung, H. (Summer, 2006). Code Switching as a Communicative Strategy A facial expression Study of KoreanEnglish Bilinguals. Bilingual Research Journal, 30 2 Rothstein, R. (1998). Bilingual Education The Controversy. Phi Delta Kappan, 79(9), 672+. Retrieved June 4, 2007, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5001343556

Craft-Oriented Objects Essay

We encounter some(prenominal) craft- oriented disapproves daylight to day. I do not count I really thought close how objects were made and their value in keep until I received this assignment. As I was thinking roughly all of the things that argon craft- oriented, I especially thought some things at work and my home.I in truth work at a come shop and Ive thought active how those dresses were made. Every dress company has a location where they accomplish their dresses, like China. all(prenominal) dress is handmade and satisfys many hours and exhausting work to declare. I believe this is an machination of craft and has high value in a womans world. I also make many dresses of my own from going to prom and participating in various pageants. The next clip I am wearing champion of these fallible dresses I am going to take a minute to think around the hard work and long hours that it took to make my dress just for me.Another virtuoso of the many craft-oriented objects that I see and determination every day is my home. My home is one of the most important places to me and it has several qualities that make it unique to me. It is amazing to think about all the hard work and the time that went in to building my house. Although my house has many craft-oriented objects in it, my house as a whole is a huge craft-oriented object in my everyday life.

Poverty Reduction Strategy

Introduction With fifth part of the worlds population not ingesting trim down or possessions at every last(predicate). Very little territory. They whitethorn make up no legal rights to the land they farm, or they may work as hired mash on jumbo farms. Low incomes and uncouth need be often the result. Taking into consideration by the worlds standard the average person in the world lives on less than a dollar a day. In new-fangled years, distress decrement hatchs to be a challenge in Nigeria. 69 zillion people, or 54% of the population, lived below the pauperisation line In 2004. He Nigerian government has promoted inelegant harvest-feast shaped several policies noting that agriculture outperforms all disparate sectors In reducing s stinkertness as it is the sector responsible for the most booking, peculiarly among the wrand so forthed. These policies including the National Economic Empowerment and phylogenesis Strategies (NEEDS) and II, the Comprehensive Afri ca Agriculture Development course (CAD), the National Food Security class (NSF), and initiatives for crops including cassava and rice. Partly as a result of these programs, plain branch judge Jumped from 3. % p.a. In 1990-1999 to 5. 9% annually In If several agricultural section reach official growth targets, Nigeria pass on experience 9. 5% annual agricultural growth and 8. 0% annual violate growth. Moreover, the penury rate will be halved by 2017 Recommendation 1 go through Reforms Redistributing land to small-scale farmers potty do much to reduce their privation. When rural families put on land, and unspoilt control over that land, they atomic number 18 likely to grow much(prenominal)(prenominal) forage and see their Incomes rise. Land security can mean food security. Land regenerate can increase both employment and Income.Small farms employ more people per hect ar than the bigger units, often to the benefit of the landless and unemployed. And owning land inw ardness that family farmers often secure the stick credit that was previously denied them. Nonetheless, land domesticize is achieving much, especially when it is community-driven and tailored to local anesthetic conditions and when it puts the brusque at the forefront of the process. The Rural penury Report 2001 stresses the particular Importance of Glenn women more control over land as this would give them more power in the community and reduce their vulnerability at heart the household.Dividing braggart(a) farms into smaller units often means that more food is produced per hect be. This is happening in a number of countries and Nigeria is no exception. sexual practice disparity in legal rights exasperating womens vulnerability In both the native customary law, women are considered minors. This means that women?in law, and often In practice?do not control or own major(ip) assets, particularly land. This fundamental instability In the property rights of men and women lea ds to gender differences in the pattern of poverty. De facto female headed households (I. E. here(predicate) a male co-head is nonresident for large parts of the year) drive the blueest onus poverty levels of any household type. effortful Labor-intensive agriculture has significant growth and poverty- step-down authorisation The small plots under present yields and methods of acculturation cannot nominate earnings from farming, households may befall it advantageous to switch to high(prenominal) wanted crops, such as market vegetables or perennial products, instead of cultivating predominantly lemon yellow, as at present. Those who stay in maize can in addition achieve higher yields than at present.Research elsewhere in Africa has produced essay that the growth potential from smallholder centralization and victimisation of comparative advantage can besides generate considerable multiplier effects on local incomes. As more small farmers commercialism they create e xpect for small farming implements, hired jade (backward linkages) and trading services, small transport, local consumer goods, and so on (forward linkages) which stimulate local roil demand. Both the initial and subsequent rounds of growth through demand linkages are labour-intensive and can be accessible to sufferinger households. break off blondness and efficiency in usual reproduction consumption Country-wide, over 50 percent of the people who live in households headed by people with no preparation live in poverty. In contrast, the poverty ratio is halved for people in households whose heads have obtained some secondary education. This suggests that higher incomes are related to more education and that ensuring affordability of essential and secondary education for the sad is hence an investment with high returns for society and the household.Improved equity and efficiency in overt education disbursement will lead to better outcomes?at a lower monetary value?for b oth poor households and the Government. 4 change the Growth of Smallholder Agriculture Smallholder agricultural centralization will need to be a central element of the poverty reduction and growth strategy of Nigeria. This emphasis is undifferentiated with Insignias comparative advantage in labour-intensive sectors and location near a major port.There is scope for expansion, diversification and intensification to access export markets, through centralization of agriculture into high value crops such as vegetables, perennials, etc. And through the related multiplier effects and demand linkages. The capacity of rural areas to upgrade incomes is expected to increase, educing pressures on urban force markets and services. Focusing worldly concern efforts on removing impediments to agricultural growth is thus a antecedency for reducing poverty in all of Nigeria.This bottom-up festering approach is critically contingent, however, on cataloging and protecting investments for small farmers on Sways Nation Land. This requires Rural land land tenure recover to assure more secure property rights to small farmers. Promoting more sustainable cattle grazing management. Promoting small-scale fiscal savings and credit mechanisms in rural areas. Implementation of Policies l. Outlining a Poverty step-down Strategy A new, equitable and ever-changing pattern of growth and human schooling is required for a serious poverty reduction agenda in Nigeria.Unless public action is undertaken to remove major morphological constraints to craunch-intensive teaching, however, livelihoods are expected to sustain stagnation and poverty to worsen further. The abstract of poverty can be apply to identify priority areas for action. This agenda for reform will require courage, vision and esthesia on the part of the countrys leaders. Basic themes of a poverty reduction strategy for Swaziland are reposed below 2 Ensuring Effective homo Development Investments productive assets in which a country can invest.To assist higher productivity of labor, lower fertility and great mobility of labor in these changing labor markets, the quality, relevance and affordability of basic education and health levels of service most accessed by the poor needs to be improved. A structural shift in the public spending pattern is needed to focalize on uncreated and secondary education levels rather than academic tertiary levels, and on preventive, core health services rather than remedy services.Priorities should focus on Parameterization of education spending towards quality and efficiency at primary(a) and secondary levels. Improving skills matching to labor market needs. Expanding early childhood development programs for poor communities. Emphasizing a primary and preventive health service. 3 Insuring the little against Major Risks Nigerian poor continue to be highly vulnerable to major shocks and to be locked in poverty traps because of overweening uninsured risk. Public action needs to be selective, preventive and targeted where possible to reduce the economical limitability of the poor to the major risks. A public social protection program with the next priorities could have the most cost-effective advert in reducing the vulnerability of the poorest of the poor in Nigeria Cross-sectarian, multi-level response to AIDS drouth preparedness Legal reform to provide equal rights to women and Safety nets which are generally work-based and self-targeted. Accountability, Information and the Poor A more coordinated approach to local development efforts?based on accountability of local government body structures to the community and better monitor of poverty information?is essential for astir(p) economic management and poverty reduction efforts.Poverty information is very limited The Government, Nags, donors, and others have identified the lack of data on poverty trends and their determinants as a major constraint to establishing greater poverty focus in policy formulation. There is also no clear institutional poser for coordinating data generated by different institutions. Such data and an institutional structure to channel information to policy-makers and community organizations could facilitate social debate and prepare the invertebrate foot for enacting reform.Strengthening Institutions to Increase the Poverty Impact of Policies Finally, the secureness and effectiveness with which the public policy framework can orchestrate this transformation can be improved by government activity structures which are accountable to communities and with ongoing observe and evaluation of the ways in which growth dynamics are affecting the poor?both positively and negatively. Priority should be attached to Institutional mechanisms which ensure poverty planning at central level Local level coordination and community troth and Establishment and use of a poverty monitoring and analysis system.